AI-Based Multimodal Integration for Tumor Microenvironment Analysis and Response Prediction in HCC Treated With TACE Plus Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapy (CHANCE2601)

1. Retrospective Study Cohort 1.1 Inclusion Criteria Age ≥18 years; Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma confirmed by histopathology or clinical diagnosis; At least one intrahepatic lesion that is repeatedly measurable according to RECIST v1.1. 1.2 Exclusion Criteria Known sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma or fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma; Presence of other active malignancies within the past 5 years or concurrent active malignancies other than hepatocellular carcinoma; Missing preoperative imaging examinations, including CT or MRI, or poor image quality; Missing key baseline clinical data; Loss to follow-up after treatment. 2. Prospective Study Cohort 2.1 Inclusion Criteria Age ≥18 years; Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma confirmed by histopathology or clinical diagnosis; Scheduled to receive first-line TACE combined with immunotherapy and targeted therapy; At least one intrahepatic lesion that is repeatedly measurable according to RECIST v1.1; Expected survival of more than 3 months. 2.2 Exclusion Criteria Known sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma or fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma; Presence of other active malignancies within the past 5 years or concurrent active malignancies other than hepatocellular carcinoma; Other factors that, in the investigator's judgment, make the patient unsuitable for participation in this study; Severe allergy to iodinated contrast agents that preclude imaging examinations or TACE treatment.