This project aims to test whether a combined multicomponent (CM) program - including health education, cognitive training, and traditional Chinese exercises - is feasible and effective for rural older adults who are at high risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The program is designed to help maintain or improve cognitive function and overall well-being.
Health education sessions: One 30-minute lecture every 4 weeks, covering topics such as diet, sleep, chronic disease management, and brain health. Cognitive training: Weekly 45-minute sessions using fun mini-games to train memory, attention, arithmetic, and logical thinking. Physical exercise: Weekly 45-minute sessions of traditional Chinese exercises (Baduanjin and Shiqiaoshou) to improve balance, flexibility, and fitness.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
235
The CM intervention was a 24-week comprehensive program integrating health education, cognitive training, and physical exercise. The health education sessions were delivered once every four weeks, with each session lasting 30 minutes. In contrast, cognitive training and physical exercise sessions were conducted weekly, each with a duration of 45 minutes.
Yuxi, Gucuo, Su'an, Qianhong village
Quanzhou, Fujian, China
Cognitive Function
Cognitive function was assessed using the Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale (Folstein, Folstein, \& McHugh, 1975).The MMSE evaluates five domains: orientation, registration, attention and calculation, recall, and language abilities. Total scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive performance.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks
Body Mass Index
Height (cm) was measured using a wall-mounted height board, with the participant standing upright without shoes. Weight (kg) was measured using a electronic load cell scale, with light indoor clothing and after voiding. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters (kg/m²).
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks
Waist circumference
Waist circumference (cm) was measured using a flexible, non-elastic tape measure at the midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest, with the participant standing and breathing normally. The measurement is taken to the nearest 0.1 cm at the end of normal expiration.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks
Blood pressure
Blood pressure was assessed by measuring systolic and diastolic pressures (mmHg).
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks
Activities of daily living
Activities of daily living were assessed via the Activities of daily living (ADL) scale (Ferrucci et al., 1996). It employs a scoring range of 14 to 56, with higher scores indicating poorer functional ability.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks
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Physical performance
Physical performance was assessed via the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) scale (Cruz-Jentoft et al., 2010). It has a scoring range of 0 to 12, with higher scores reflecting better physical performance.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks
Participant adherence
Participant adherence was summarized as the proportion of total participants who attended at least 50% of the intervention sessions, and separately for those who attended at least 75% of the sessions.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks
Participant satisfaction
Participant satisfaction was assessed using a self-developed scale, with a total score of 30 points; higher scores indicated greater satisfaction with the program.
Time frame: From intervention at 36 weeks to the end of intervention at 48 weeks