Acute Effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Hamstring-to-Quadriceps Strength Ratio

Overview

This study aimed to compare the acute effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and static stretching on hamstring-to-quadriceps (H/Q) strength ratios in healthy young men. A randomized crossover design was used in which participants completed both stretching protocols on separate days. Isokinetic muscle strength and H/Q ratios were assessed following each intervention. The findings provide insight into the immediate effects of different stretching modalities on muscle balance and performance.

The present study investigated the acute effects of two commonly used stretching modalities-proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and static stretching-on isokinetic muscle strength and hamstring-to-quadriceps (H/Q) ratios in physically active healthy young males. The study employed a randomized crossover design with repeated measures, allowing each participant to complete both experimental conditions under standardized laboratory settings. Participants attended three sessions: a familiarization session followed by two experimental sessions separated by at least 48 hours. Each experimental session included a standardized warm-up, followed by either PNF or static stretching intervention, and subsequent isokinetic strength testing. Peak torque values for quadriceps (concentric) and hamstrings (concentric and eccentric) were measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at 60°/s. Traditional and functional H/Q ratios were calculated. The primary aim was to determine whether these stretching modalities produce acute alterations in muscle strength and H/Q ratios. The study also examined whether the type of ratio (traditional vs. functional) significantly influences outcomes. Findings contribute to understanding the neuromuscular implications of stretching in warm-up protocols.