Comparison of ESWT and Single-Session 5% Dextrose Prolotherapy in Lateral Epicondylitis

Overview

Lateral epicondylitis is a common musculoskeletal disorder associated with pain and impaired upper extremity function. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) and single-session 5% dextrose prolotherapy (DPT) in patients with lateral epicondylitis and to evaluate the relative superiority of these treatment approaches during short- and mid-to-long-term follow-up. Ninety-six patients were allocated into three groups: conventional treatment alone, conventional treatment plus ESWT, and conventional treatment plus DPT. Pain, functional status, grip strength, and common extensor tendon thickness were evaluated during follow-up.

Lateral epicondylitis is a common musculoskeletal disorder associated with pain, reduced grip strength, and impaired upper extremity function. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) and single-session 5% dextrose prolotherapy (DPT) in patients with lateral epicondylitis and to evaluate their relative effectiveness during short- and mid-to-long-term follow-up. Ninety-six patients were allocated into three groups: conventional treatment alone, conventional treatment plus ESWT, and conventional treatment plus DPT. Conventional treatment consisted of home exercise and splinting. ESWT was applied in 3 sessions (2000 pulses, 0.15 mJ/mm²), while the DPT group received a single ultrasound-guided 5% dextrose injection. Primary outcomes included Visual Analog Scale pain scores for rest, night pain, resisted wrist extension, and grip pain. Secondary outcomes included QuickDASH, PRTEE, grip strength measured with a Jamar dynamometer, and ultrasonographic assessment of common extensor tendon thickness. Clinical assessments were performed at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months.