This prospective, single-center, interventional post-market clinical follow-up (PMCF) study aims to evaluate the clinical performance and safety of temporary crown and bridge restorations fabricated using CE-marked ON DENT™ restorative materials throughout their functional intraoral clinical duration. A total of 120 adult patients requiring fixed prosthodontic treatments will be randomly assigned to four independent parallel groups (30 patients per group) based on the specific type of temporary material utilized: Tempo-CAD Monocolor PMMA, Tempo-CAD Monocolor SHT PMMA, Tempo-CAD Multicolor SHT PMMA, or Print On Cyclone Perma liquid resin. Patients will be monitored closely across 5 clinical visits up to a maximum duration of 6 months to assess prosthodontic survival, success rates, biological adaptations, and patient-reported quality of life outcomes.
This study is designed as a prospective, single-center, randomized, parallel-group clinical evaluation in Turkey to gather real-world data on PMMA polymer blocks and liquid resins manufactured by ON-DENT Ltd. Sti. Temporary fixed restorations play an essential role in protecting prepared natural teeth or dental implants, maintaining positional stability, and ensuring aesthetic and masticatory functions until the delivery of final definitive prostheses. Participants meeting all eligibility criteria will be randomized via a balanced computer-generated Python permutation algorithm into four arms: * Group A: ON DENT™ Tempo-CAD Monocolor PMMA Disc/Block * Group B: ON DENT™ Tempo-CAD Monocolor SHT PMMA Disc/Block * Group C: ON DENT™ Tempo-CAD Multicolor SHT PMMA Disc/Block * Group D: ON DENT™ Print On Cyclone Perma 3D Printer Resin Clinical and laboratory procedures are rigorously standardized to eliminate confounding variables across all study arms. All provisional restorations will be fabricated using uniform digital dental workflows at a single certified dental laboratory. For Groups A, B, and C, crowns and bridges will be produced via high-precision digital scanning, computer-aided design (CAD) software, and computerized milling units (CAD/CAM). For Group D, restorations will be processed through digital scanning, CAD software, and stereolithographic 3D printing methodologies utilizing digital light processing (DLP) technology. To ensure clinical standardization and minimize inter-operator variability, all clinical interventions, prosthodontic evaluations, and cementation workflows will be performed by prosthodontic investigators adhering to identical operational and clinical protocols, utilizing an identical temporary cement brand. The evaluative timeline consists of five major operational checkpoints: Baseline (Visit 1: Tooth Preparation \& Impression), Visit 2 (Provisional Delivery at days 1-3), Visit 3 (Substructure Framework Try-in at day 8±2), Visit 4 (Aesthetic Try-in at day 12±2), and Visit 5 (Final Definitive Delivery at day 15±2). Longitudinal follow-up evaluations will cover the entire clinical service life of the temporary restorations up to a maximum duration of 6 months, explicitly tracking the period from initial tooth preparation until the formal delivery of the definitive prosthesis. All clinical, biological, and functional prosthodontic outcomes will be verified multi-dimensionally using the internationally recognized Revised World Dental Federation (FDI) Criteria.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
120
A custom-fabricated, 1-to-3 unit temporary fixed prosthodontic restoration (temporary crowns or bridges) produced through automated digital workflows. The provisional prosthesis is manufactured specifically from the ON DENT™ Tempo-CAD Monocolor PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) disc/block restorative material via high-precision centralized CAD/CAM milling procedures. The restoration is clinically delivered and cemented using an identical temporary cement brand to serve as an interim fixed dental prosthesis during the evaluative period.
A custom-fabricated, 1-to-3 unit temporary fixed prosthodontic restoration (temporary crowns or bridges) produced through automated digital workflows. The provisional prosthesis is manufactured specifically from the ON DENT™ Tempo-CAD Monocolor SHT (super-high translucent) PMMA disc/block restorative material via high-precision centralized CAD/CAM milling procedures. The restoration is clinically delivered and cemented using an identical temporary cement brand to serve as an interim fixed dental prosthesis during the evaluative period.
A custom-fabricated, 1-to-3 unit temporary fixed prosthodontic restoration (temporary crowns or bridges) produced through automated digital workflows. The provisional prosthesis is manufactured specifically from the ON DENT™ Tempo-CAD Multicolor SHT (super-high translucent) multi-layered PMMA disc/block restorative material via high-precision centralized CAD/CAM milling procedures. The restoration is clinically delivered and cemented using an identical temporary cement brand to serve as an interim fixed dental prosthesis during the evaluative period.
A custom-fabricated, 1-to-3 unit temporary fixed prosthodontic restoration (temporary crowns or bridges) produced through automated digital workflows. The provisional prosthesis is manufactured specifically from the ON DENT™ Print On Cyclone Perma fluid, light-curable dimethacrylate-based photopolymer acrylic resin material via centralized stereolithographic 3D printing utilizing DLP (digital light processing) technology. The restoration is clinically delivered and cemented using an identical temporary cement brand to serve as an interim fixed dental prosthesis during the evaluative period.
Ege University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics
Izmir, Turkey (Türkiye)
RECRUITINGSuccess Rate of Temporary Fixed Restorations
The success rate of the provisional restorations will be evaluated using the Revised World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria. For statistical analysis, the 5-point scale data will be dichotomized into "sufficient" and "insufficient" categories. Restorations scoring 1 to 3 points-representing clinically excellent/very good (1), clinically good (2), or clinically satisfactory (3) status-will be categorized as "sufficient" (success). Restorations scoring 4 (clinically insufficient/partially insufficient) or 5 (clinically poor/completely insufficient) points will be categorized as "insufficient" (failure). The success rate will be calculated as the final percentage of sufficient restorations within each independent arm.
Time frame: At the final evaluation visit (Visit 5/up to 6 months).
Survival Rate of Temporary Fixed Restorations
The survival rate of the provisional restorations will be evaluated using the Revised FDI criteria. The calculation of the survival rate uses the dichotomization of the data into "restoration present including repaired" (scores 1-4) and "not present/failed" (score 5). Restorations scoring 1 to 4 points-encompassing all clinically sufficient statuses (1-3) and those evaluated as clinically insufficient but retained in function via repair or re-cementation (4)-will be categorized as "restoration present including repaired" (survived). Restorations scoring 5 points, indicating completely insufficient status or a restoration that is no longer present, will be categorized as "not present/failed". Cumulative survival probabilities over time will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Time frame: Throughout follow-up period (up to 6 months).
Incidence of Clinical Complications
The safety and clinical durability profiles of the provisional fixed dental restorations will be evaluated based on the frequency and specific types of technical, mechanical, or biological complications documented during the follow-up period. Data will be analyzed and reported independently for each study arm as the absolute count (n) and the percentage (%) of restorations experiencing at least one complication, utilizing descriptive and intra-group longitudinal statistics
Time frame: Throughout follow-up period (up to 6 months).
Incidence of Adverse Events (AE) and Serious Adverse Events (SAE)
Safety and tolerability tracking evaluated through the occurrence, severity, and causality-related frequencies of any reported Adverse Events (AE), Serious Adverse Events (SAE), and device deficiencies. Evaluations are conducted in accordance with the Medical Device Coordination Group (MDCG 2020-10/1) guidelines. Data will be analyzed independently within each device arm, reporting the absolute number of events and the percentage of participants affected.
Time frame: Throughout follow-up period (up to 6 months).
Clinical Evaluation of Masticatory Function (Occlusion Quality)
Objective clinical evaluation of the chewing function through occlusal contact distribution. The assessment will be performed using extra-thin articulation paper (\<10 μm) under light masticatory force in centric relation. The examining dentist will evaluate whether ideal occlusal contact is established and if forces are evenly distributed across the dental arch (recorded as a binary outcome: "Yes/Acceptable Occlusion" or "No/Unacceptable Occlusion"). Data will be reported as the frequency and percentage of successful occlusal alignment within each independent study arm, tracking longitudinal intra-group changes.
Time frame: Baseline (pre-treatment at Visit 1) and at all subsequent follow-up checkpoints (Visit 2, Visit 3, Visit 4, and Visit 5/up to 6 months).
Patient-Reported Masticatory Satisfaction
Subjective patient-reported evaluation of satisfaction regarding chewing efficiency and functional comfort. This parameter will be quantified using a standard 5-point Likert scale, ranging from a score of 1 ("Not satisfied at all") to 5 ("Very satisfied"). Higher summary scores represent superior patient-reported functional comfort. Statistical analysis will be performed independently within each arm using longitudinal descriptive statistics to monitor changes from baseline.
Time frame: Baseline (pre-treatment at Visit 1) and at all subsequent follow-up checkpoints (Visit 2, Visit 3, Visit 4, and Visit 5/up to 6 months).
Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL)
Oral health-related quality of life will be measured using the validated Turkish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. The instrument evaluates 14 items distributed across 7 conceptual subdomains (functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability, and social disadvantage). Each item is scored on a 5-point Likert scale from 0 ("Never") to 4 ("Very often"). Total summary scores range from 0 to 56, where lower overall scores represent better OHRQoL and higher scores indicate a greater negative impact of oral health conditions. Analysis will track the longitudinal shift within each independent arm.
Time frame: Baseline (pre-treatment at Visit 1) and at the final follow-up/definitive delivery checkpoint (Visit 5/up to 6 months).
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