The goal of this clinical trial is to find out if newly developed, culturally adapted educational videos-sent through a mobile messaging app-can help people with coronary heart disease do better in a home-based cardiac rehabilitation program in Malaysia. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do the educational videos help participants improve their fitness? * Do the videos help participants better understand heart health and stick to a healthy lifestyle? Researchers will compare the educational videos to existing standard educational materials to see if the video-based education is more helpful for supporting rehabilitation at home. Participants will: * Take part in a 12-week home-based cardiac rehabilitation program * Receive either educational videos or standard education materials * Meet with the cardiac rehabilitation team every 4 weeks * Complete a treadmill exercise test, blood tests, and questionnaires before and after the program.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
21
Bilingual (Malaysian and English language) Audiovisual Structured Patient Education Materials that are culturally adaptable on secondary prevention cardiac risk factors, self-care and exercise recommendations.
Standard visual-based educational materials currently used in Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2, Universiti Malaya Medical Centre
Universiti Malaya Medical Centre
Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Change from Baseline in Cardiovascular Fitness Measured using metabolic equivalents (METs) at Completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2
Metabolic equivalents (METs) obtained through the Exercise Stress Test (EST), employing the modified Bruce protocol. Higher metabolic equivalents of task (METs) value indicate greater energy expenditure, higher physical intensity, and generally a better level of cardiorespiratory fitness. Conversely, a lower METs value indicates lower energy expenditure, lighter activity, and potentially a poorer functional capacity.
Time frame: Baseline and at the completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2 at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline of Blood Glucose in Clinical Parameters of Cardiovascular Risk Factors at 12 Weeks of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2
Blood glucose level through Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in %
Time frame: Baseline and at the completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2 at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Clinical Parameters of Cardiovascular Risk Factors at 12 Weeks of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2
Blood cholesterol through Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in mmol/L
Time frame: Baseline and at the completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2 at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline of Body Fat Composition in Clinical Parameters of Cardiovascular Risk Factors at 12 Weeks of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2
Body composition through waist circumference-to-height ratio (WHtR). Waist circumference is measured in centimetres (cm). Height is measured in centimetres (cm). Then, waist circumference-to-height will be combined and reported in a ratio.
Time frame: Baseline and at the completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2 at 12 weeks
Smoking Cessation in Behavioural Parameter Related to Lifestyle Changes at 12 Weeks of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2
Smoking status and cessation were recorded weekly by self-reported statement (Smoking or Not).
Time frame: Baseline and at the completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2 at 12 weeks
Medication Adherence in Behavioural Parameter Related to Lifestyle Changes at 12 Weeks of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2
Medication adherence was assessed at the end of Cardiac Rehabilitation Phase 2 by asking participants to indicate the likelihood of missing daily medication by using the options 'compliant', 'once a month', 'once a week', or 'more than once a week'.
Time frame: Assessed at the completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2 at 12 weeks
Exercise Adherence Related to Lifestyle Changes at 12 Weeks of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2
Exercise adherence was tracked using the provided exercise activity tracker, with adherence defined as achieving an average of at least 150 minutes of exercise per week.
Time frame: Weekly assessment until the completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2 at 12 weeks
Change from Baseline in Cardiovascular Health Knowledge Assessment at 12 Weeks of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2
The Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease (ABCD) risk questionnaire. Total scores range from 0 to 80 points. Higher scores indicate better overall CVD risk awareness and a greater health belief in one's capability to prevent cardiovascular disease.
Time frame: Baseline and at the completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2 at 12 weeks
Understandability and Actionability of Education Materials at Completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2
The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) is a systematic method used to evaluate and score the understandability and actionability of patient education materials. Total score of 100%, with higher percentages indicating better quality of the educational material in understandability and actionability.
Time frame: At the completion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme Phase 2 at 12 weeks
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