The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy of Zishen Yutai Pill (ZYP) on pregnancy outcomes following embryo transfer and its safety in patients with recurrent implantation failure. The main question it aims to answer is whether ZYP can improve live birth rate in participant's frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Researchers will compare ZYP to a placebo (a look-alike substance with similar characteristics to ZYP) to see if it works to improve pregnancy outcomes. Participants will: 1. Start to receive ZYP or placebo (5g per time, 3 times daily) within the first 5 days of their initial menstrual cycle, and will undergo FET in the following cycle. The medication will be taken without interruption till the day of pregnancy test (2 weeks after embryo transfer). Patients with positive results in β-HCG test will continue to take the drug until clinical pregnancy confirmation by ultrasound three weeks later. For those with a negative β-HCG result, the intervention will be stopped. 2. Baseline visit will be conducted on days 2-4 of the participant's first menstrual cycle. Subsequent clinic visits will follow the standard protocol for FET cycle, as outlined below: Visit 1 (days 2-4 of the second menstrual cycle); Visit 2 (day of ovulation or day of endometrial transformation); Visit 3 (day of embryo transfer); Visit 4 (2 weeks after embryo transfer); Visit 5 (5 weeks after embryo transfer). Follow-up is scheduled at 10 weeks after embryo transfer (Visit 6) and after delivery (Visit 7), and these can be conducted remotely.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
878
Eligible participants start to receive ZYP within the first 5 days of their initial menstrual cycle, and will undergo frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) in the following cycle. The medication will be taken without interruption till the day of pregnancy test (two weeks after embryo transfer). Patients with positive results in β-HCG test will continue to take the drug until clinical pregnancy confirmation by ultrasound three weeks later. For those with negative β-HCG results, the intervention will be stopped.
Eligible participants start to receive placebo within the first 5 days of their initial menstrual cycle, and will undergo frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) in the following cycle. The medication will be taken without interruption till the day of pregnancy test (two weeks after embryo transfer). Patients with positive results in β-HCG test will continue to take the drug until clinical pregnancy confirmation by ultrasound three weeks later. For those with negative β-HCG results, the intervention will be stopped.
The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China
Hefei, Anhui, China
Peking University Third Hospital
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
Peking University People's Hospital
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
Zhengzhou, Henan, China
Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
Changsha, Hunan, China
Jiangsu Province Hospital
Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University
Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
...and 3 more locations
Live birth rate
Live birth is defined as delivery of any viable infants after 28 weeks of gestation.
Time frame: About 40 weeks after embryo transfer, up to a maximum duration of 52 weeks after enrollment.
Endometrial thickness (ovulation day/endometrial transformation day)
Natural cycle and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycle are two endometrial preparation methods before frozen embryo transfer.
Time frame: On the day of ovulation (natural cycle) or on the day of endometrial transformation (HRT cycle), about 6 weeks after enrollment.
Endometrial pattern (ovulation day/endometrial transformation day)
Natural cycle and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycle are two endometrial preparation methods before frozen embryo transfer.
Time frame: On the day of ovulation (natural cycle) or on the day of endometrial transformation (HRT cycle), about 6 weeks after enrollment.
Endometrial thickness (embryo transfer day)
Time frame: On the day of embryo transfer, about 6-7 weeks after enrollment.
Endometrial pattern (embryo transfer day)
Time frame: On the day of embryo transfer, about 6-7 weeks after enrollment.
β-HCG positive rate
Serum β-HCG level ≥ 20 IU/L at 2 weeks after embryo transfer is defined as positive.
Time frame: At 2 weeks after embryo transfer, about 8 weeks after enrollment.
Implantation rate
Implantation rate is defined as the number of gestational sacs per the number of embryos transferred.
Time frame: At 5 weeks after embryo transfer, about 11 weeks after enrollment.
Clinical pregnancy rate
Clinical pregnancy is defined as the presence of intrauterine gestation sac under transvaginal ultrasonography.
Time frame: At 5 weeks after embryo transfer, about 11 weeks after enrollment.
Ongoing pregnancy rate
Ongoing pregnancy is defined as pregnancy with live fetus beyond 10 weeks after embryo transfer (approximately 12 weeks of gestation).
Time frame: About 40 weeks after embryo transfer, up to a maximum duration of 52 weeks after enrollment.
Biochemical pregnancy loss rate
Biochemical pregnancy loss is defined as a positive serum β-HCG test with no evidence of a gestational sac on subsequent ultrasound.
Time frame: At 5 weeks after embryo transfer, about 11 weeks after enrollment.
Clinical pregnancy loss rate
Clinical pregnancy loss is defined as the failure of a confirmed clinical pregnancy to progress to live birth.
Time frame: About 40 weeks after embryo transfer, up to a maximum duration of 52 weeks after enrollment.
Gestational age at delivery
Time frame: About 40 weeks after embryo transfer, up to a maximum duration of 52 weeks after enrollment.
Birthweight
Time frame: About 40 weeks after embryo transfer, up to a maximum duration of 52 weeks after enrollment.
Rate of adverse events
Time frame: About 40 weeks after embryo transfer, up to a maximum duration of 52 weeks after enrollment.
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