Immuno-Targeted Therapy Plus Low-Dose Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Adult Ph-Negative B-ALL: A Prospective Umbrella Trial

BCL-2 inhibitor administered orally daily during induction and consolidation cycles to enhance leukemic cell apoptosis.

CD19/CD3 bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) administered as continuous intravenous infusion during consolidation therapy.

Autologous CD19 CAR-T cell therapy administered as a single intravenous infusion as optional consolidation therapy for eligible patients.

A vinca alkaloid that inhibits microtubule formation by binding to tubulin, resulting in mitotic arrest and inhibition of proliferation of rapidly dividing leukemic cells.

An alkylating agent that forms DNA cross-links, leading to inhibition of DNA replication and transcription and subsequent apoptosis of rapidly proliferating hematopoietic cells.

A synthetic glucocorticoid that induces lymphoid cell apoptosis and exerts anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, contributing to reduction of leukemic burden.

A folate antimetabolite that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in impaired DNA synthesis and cell replication, particularly in rapidly dividing lymphoid cells.

A pyrimidine nucleoside analog that inhibits DNA polymerase, leading to termination of DNA chain elongation and inhibition of leukemic cell proliferation.

A glucocorticoid that induces apoptosis in lymphoid cells and provides anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects as part of multi-agent leukemia therapy.

A purine analog antimetabolite that interferes with purine nucleotide synthesis and incorporates into DNA and RNA, inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis and cell proliferation.