This study aims to compare the effects of artificial intelligence-generated feedback and human instructor feedback on learning outcomes in preclinical restorative dentistry education. Third-year dental students performing restorative procedures on simulated teeth received either AI-generated feedback or instructor feedback during training sessions. The effects of the feedback methods were evaluated using practical performance scores, state anxiety levels, and student perception measures. The study investigates whether AI-generated feedback can serve as an effective educational support tool in preclinical dental training.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
140
Participants received formative feedback generated by an artificial intelligence chatbot during preclinical restorative dentistry training. Feedback was based on predefined evaluation criteria and was provided to support practical skill development and learning.
Participants received formative feedback from a faculty instructor during preclinical restorative dentistry training. Feedback was provided according to predefined evaluation criteria.
Cukurova University Faculty of Dentistry
Adana, Turkey (Türkiye)
Practical Performance Score
Students' practical performance was evaluated using a standardized rubric consisting of eight assessment criteria for preclinical restorative dentistry procedures. Total scores ranged from 0 to 16, with higher scores indicating better practical performance.
Time frame: At completion of the preclinical training session (approximately 2 weeks after study initiation)
Change in State Anxiety
State anxiety was assessed using the 5-item State Anxiety Inventory (STAIS-5), a shortened version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The total score ranges from 5 to 20, with higher scores indicating greater state anxiety. A score of 10 or higher indicates clinically significant state anxiety.
Time frame: Baseline (before the practical session) and immediately after completion of the practical session (approximately 2 hours).
Student Perception of the Feedback Method
Student perception was assessed using an 8-item, 5-point Likert questionnaire. The reported outcome was the mean questionnaire score, ranging from 1.0 to 5.0, with higher scores indicating more positive perceptions of the feedback method.
Time frame: Immediately after completion of the practical training session (approximately 2 hours after baseline).
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