This study investigates the effects of different dietary strategies (ketogenic diet, intermittent fasting, and semi-vegetarian diet), alone or in combination with a structured home-based exercise program, on anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal parameters in women with obesity. A total of 108 participants aged 19-45 years are allocated into nine groups, including control, exercise-only, diet-only, and combined intervention groups. Anthropometric outcomes (body weight, body mass index, and body fat percentage) and biochemical markers (glucose, insulin, adiponectin, IGF-1, irisin, and myostatin) are assessed at baseline and after a 6-week intervention period using bioelectrical impedance analysis and ELISA methods.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
108
A 6-week structured home-based exercise program consisting of moderate-intensity activities designed for weight management and metabolic improvement.
A 6-week structured semi-vegetarian dietary protocol primarily based on plant foods with occasional inclusion of meat or fish, designed for caloric control and metabolic tracking.
A 6-week structured intermittent fasting protocol regulating specific eating and fasting windows each day to evaluate its effects on body composition and metabolic markers.
A 6-week structured ketogenic dietary protocol characterized by high-fat, adequate-protein, and very low-carbohydrate intake to induce nutritional ketosis.
Fırat University Hospital
Elâzığ, Turkey (Türkiye)
Change in Body Weight
Body weight will be measured in kilograms (kg) using a calibrated Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) device (Omron Karadascan HBF-511, Japan). The outcome will evaluate the effectiveness of the 6-week lifestyle interventions on body mass reduction compared to baseline.
Time frame: Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Body Mass Index (BMI)
Body Mass Index will be calculated using the formula weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared (kg/m²). Height will be measured using a stadiometer (Holtain Ltd., UK) and weight via a Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) device (Omron Karadascan HBF-511, Japan).
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Change in Body Fat Percentage
Body fat percentage (%) will be measured using a Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) device (Omron Karadascan HBF-511, Japan) to evaluate the proportion of fat tissue relative to total body weight.
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Change in Skeletal Muscle Percentage
Skeletal muscle percentage (%) will be measured using a Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) device (Omron Karadascan HBF-511, Japan) to evaluate the proportion of muscle tissue relative to total body weight.
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Change in Fasting Blood Glucose
Fasting blood glucose levels will be analyzed via Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method from venous blood samples to evaluate the effects of the interventions on glycemic control.
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Change in Fasting Insulin
Fasting insulin levels will be analyzed via Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method from venous blood samples to assess pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin dynamics.
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Change in Adiponectin Levels
Serum adiponectin levels will be analyzed via Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) from venous blood samples to evaluate changes in adipokine secretion and insulin sensitivity.
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Change in Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) Levels
Serum IGF-1 levels will be analyzed via Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) from venous blood samples to evaluate alterations in growth hormone axis and metabolic adaptation.
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Change in Irisin Levels
Serum irisin levels will be analyzed via Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) from venous blood samples to track changes in myokine secretion in response to physical activity and dietary interventions.
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
Change in Myostatin Levels
Serum myostatin levels will be analyzed via Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) from venous blood samples to assess skeletal muscle mass regulation and myokine alterations.
Time frame: Baseline and week 6
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