This randomized controlled trial examines the mechanisms of conversational AI-based interventions for early dementia prevention in socially isolated older adults.
Social isolation is a well-established and modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia. The completed I-CONECT trial (NCT02871921) showed that frequent, one-to-one, semi-structured conversational engagement delivered remotely by trained human interviewers improved cognitive outcomes among socially isolated older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Two limitations have constrained translating that approach into a scalable preventive intervention: its reliance on trained human interviewers limits scalability, and the behavioral mechanisms responsible for its cognitive benefits remain incompletely understood. AI-CONECT addresses both limitations by delivering the conversational intervention through a conversational artificial intelligence (AI) voice chatbot rather than a human interviewer, and by testing a hypothesized behavioral mechanism: that the intervention increases participants' social self-efficacy (confidence in their ability to engage socially), which in turn increases real-world social engagement.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
80
AI-based one-on-one semi-structured conversation for cognitive stimulation
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Social Self-Efficacy
Participants' self-efficacy on social interactions using an instrument adapted from the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (EXSE, by McAuley, 1993). The scale comprises three items of confidence: interacting with others regularly, engaging with others when feeling less connected, and engaging others in conversations. The three items are adapted to social interaction in person and using technology (e.g., video calls), respectively. Each item is rated from 0 (not at all confident) to 10 (completely confident). A mean score is computed across the six items (range 0-10), with higher scores indicating greater social self-efficacy.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of intervention at 8 weeks
Time contacting friends or family
Change in weekly time contacting friends or family.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of the intervention at 8 weeks, using weekly data
Time out of home
Self-reported weekly time out of home (a proximate measure of social engagement by the participants), using weekly data.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Frequency of contacting friends
Self-reported frequency of contacting friends, using weekly data.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
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