Functional Movement, Balance, and Strength in Professional and Amateur Soccer Players

Istanbul Gelisim University144 enrolled

Overview

This observational comparative study aims to evaluate differences in functional movement quality, dynamic balance, lower extremity muscle strength, and jumping performance between professional and amateur male soccer players. A total of 144 licensed soccer players (72 professional and 72 amateur) will undergo standardized assessments, including the Functional Movement Screen (FMS), Y-Balance Test (YBT), countermovement jump (CMJ), vertical jump (VJ), one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength tests, and eccentric hamstring strength assessment using the NordBord system. The findings are expected to improve understanding of how competitive level influences physical performance characteristics and may contribute to the development of evidence-based training, injury prevention, and athlete development strategies.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

144

Conditions

Athletic Performance Functional Movement Muscle Strength

Interventions

Standardized physical performance assessment including the Functional Movement Screen (FMS), Y-Balance Test (YBT), countermovement jump (CMJ), vertical jump (VJ), one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength tests, and eccentric hamstring strength assessment using the NordBord system. No therapeutic or experimental intervention was administered.

Eligibility

Sex: MALEMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 35 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Male licensed soccer players. * Professional or amateur soccer players actively competing during the study period. * Regular participation in team training (4-5 sessions per week) and official competitions. * Ability to complete all physical performance assessments. * Provided written informed consent before participation. Exclusion Criteria: * Current musculoskeletal injury or pain affecting performance. * History of lower-extremity injury preventing full participation in testing. * Neurological, cardiovascular, or other medical conditions limiting physical performance. * Inability or unwillingness to complete all assessment procedures. * Withdrawal of informed consent.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Functional Movement Screen (FMS) Total Score

The total Functional Movement Screen (FMS) score was used to evaluate overall functional movement quality and identify movement limitations in professional and amateur soccer players.

Time frame: Baseline (Day 1)

Secondary Outcomes

Y-Balance Test (YBT) Performance

Dynamic balance performance assessed using normalized reach distances in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions.

Time frame: Baseline (Day 1)

Countermovement Jump (CMJ) Height

Lower-extremity explosive power measured as countermovement jump height using the Witty Microgate system.

Time frame: Baseline (Day 1)

Vertical Jump (VJ) Height

Vertical jump performance assessed using the Witty Microgate system.

Time frame: Baseline (Day 1)

One-Repetition Maximum (1RM) Strength

Maximum lower-extremity strength assessed using one-repetition maximum squat and deadlift tests.

Time frame: Baseline (Day 1)

Eccentric Hamstring Strength

Maximum eccentric hamstring force and inter-limb asymmetry assessed using the NordBord system.

Time frame: Baseline (Day 1)

Individual Functional Movement Screen Components

Scores for the seven Functional Movement Screen subtests, including deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight-leg raise, trunk stability push-up, and rotary stability.

Time frame: Baseline (Day 1)

Functional Movement, Balance, and Strength in Professional and Amateur Soccer Players

Overview

Conditions

Interventions

Eligibility

Locations (1)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes