Brief SEE FAR CBT Intervention Compared With Treatment as Usual for Adults With PTSD

Change in depressive symptoms

Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) Depressive symptoms will be assessed using the PHQ-9. Total scores range from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating greater depressive symptom severity. Change in PHQ-9 total score will be examined across the four study assessment points.

Time frame: Baseline, 6 weeks after baseline, 12 weeks after baseline, and 3 months after completion of the intervention

Change in perceived stress

Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) Perceived stress will be assessed using the PSS. Total scores range from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater perceived stress. Change in PSS total score will be examined across the four study assessment points.

Time frame: Baseline, 6 weeks after baseline, 12 weeks after baseline, and 3 months after completion of the intervention

Change in resilience

Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) esilience will be assessed using the CD-RISC. Total scores range from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater resilience. Change in CD-RISC total score will be examined across the four study assessment points.

Time frame: Baseline, 6 weeks after baseline, 12 weeks after baseline, and 3 months after completion of the intervention

Change in somatic symptoms

Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) Somatic symptoms will be assessed using the PHQ-15. Total scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater somatic symptom severity. Change in PHQ-15 total score will be examined across the four study assessment points.

Time frame: Baseline, 6 weeks after baseline, 12 weeks after baseline, and 3 months after completion of the intervention

Change in trauma-related use of imagination and coping

FRAME Trauma-related use of imagination and coping will be assessed using the FRAME questionnaire. The FRAME is a 21-item measure of fantastic reality ability, defined as the capacity to use imagination in response to stress or trauma. Items are rated on a 1-7 Likert scale, and mean scores range from 1 to 7, with higher scores indicating greater fantastic reality ability. Change in FRAME score will be examined across the four study assessment points.

Time frame: Baseline, 6 weeks after baseline, 12 weeks after baseline, and 3 months after completion of the intervention

Change in sleep quality

Brief Version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Sleep quality will be assessed using the brief version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Change in sleep quality score will be examined across the four study assessment points.

Time frame: Baseline, 6 weeks after baseline, 12 weeks after baseline, and 3 months after completion of the intervention

Change in PTSD-related functional impairment

PTSD-related functional impairment will be assessed using the functional impairment section of the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS). This section includes 7 items assessing the extent to which PTSD-related problems interfered with work, relationships, leisure activities, family relationships, sex life, general life satisfaction, and overall functioning during the past two weeks. Items are rated from 0 to 4, and total scores range from 0 to 28, with higher scores indicating greater functional impairment. Change in functional impairment score will be examined across the four study assessment points.

Time frame: Baseline, 6 weeks after baseline, 12 weeks after baseline, and 3 months after completion of the intervention