The Relationship Between Psychological Well-being, Social Support, and Disease Self-management in Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy

N/ANot Yet RecruitingNCT07726589

National Taiwan University Hospital161 enrolled

Overview

This study will look at the psychological well-being and social support of people with diabetic kidney disease and how these factors are related to how well they manage their condition. Participants will complete questionnaires about their emotional well-being, the support they receive from others, and how they care for their disease. The results may help healthcare professionals better understand patients' needs and develop ways to improve disease self-management and overall health. The findings may also provide useful information for future research on diabetic kidney disease.

This study investigates the current status of psychological well-being and social support among patients with diabetic kidney disease and examines their associations with disease self-management. It is anticipated that the findings will increase healthcare professionals' awareness of the importance of assessing patients' psychological well-being and social support, thereby facilitating improvements in disease self-management. Furthermore, the findings are expected to provide empirical evidence and serve as a reference for future studies related to diabetic kidney disease, psychological well-being, social support, and disease self-management.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

161

Conditions

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD)Type 2 Diabetes

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged 18 years or older. * Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic kidney disease. * Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 1-5, classified by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), without receiving dialysis. * Mentally competent and without diagnosed psychiatric disorders. * Able to communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese and understand the questionnaire * Willing to participate in the study and provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. * End-stage kidney disease requiring dialysis. * Severe cognitive impairment or inability to complete the questionnaire independently. * History of major psychiatric disorders documented in the medical records.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Disease self-management

Disease self-management assessed using the Diabetic Nephropathy Self-Management Scale (DN-SM).The 29-item instrument evaluates self-management behaviors across four domains: self-integration, problem solving, seeking social support, and adherence to the recommended regimen. Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = never, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often, 4 = always). Higher total scores indicate better disease self-management ability.

Time frame: As this is a cross-sectional study, all outcome measures, including psychological well-being, social support, and disease self-management, will be assessed once at baseline at the time of study enrollment.

Psychological well-being

Psychological well-being will be assessed using the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), a self-administered instrument developed by the World Health Organization. The WHO-5 evaluates psychological well-being during the previous 14 days and consists of five items rated on a 6-point Likert scale from 0 ("at no time") to 5 ("all of the time"). Total scores range from 0 to 25, with higher scores indicating better psychological well-being.

Social support

Social support will be assessed using the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, ISEL-SF16. The instrument evaluates four domains: appraisal support, tangible support, self-esteem support, and belonging support. Each item is rated on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 0 ("strongly disagree") to 3 ("strongly agree"). Total scores range from 0 to 48, with higher scores indicating greater perceived social support.