This research is a three-group, randomized controlled experimental study designed to determine the effect of two different therapeutic interventions applied during blood sampling on pain, anxiety, and fear levels in children aged 5-7 years. Children participating in the study will be randomly divided into three groups: 1. Group (Experiment 1): Distraction method using betta fish observation 2. Group (Experiment 2): Distraction method using hand puppets 3. Group (Control): Routine clinical practice (without any therapeutic intervention) Before, during, and after blood sampling, children's pain level (FLACC scale), fear level (child fear scale), and anxiety level (child anxiety scale) will be evaluated.
This research is a three-group, randomized controlled experimental study designed to determine the effect of two different therapeutic interventions applied during blood sampling on pain, anxiety, and fear levels in children aged 5-7 years. Children participating in the study will be randomly divided into three groups: 1. Group (Experiment 1): Distraction method using betta fish observation 2. Group (Experiment 2): Distraction method using hand puppets 3. Group (Control): Routine clinical practice (without any therapeutic intervention) Before, during, and after blood sampling, children's pain level (FLACC scale), fear level (child fear scale), and anxiety level (child anxiety scale) will be evaluated. The obtained data will be compared using statistical analysis methods. The population of the study will consist of children aged 5-7 years who apply to the Pediatric Emergency Unit of Iğdır Dr. Nevruz Erez State Hospital and undergo venous blood sampling. The sample of the study will consist of children and their parents who meet the inclusion criteria and voluntarily agree to participate in the study. Children selected using an appropriate sampling method will be randomly assigned to three groups.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
105
Before, during, and after blood sampling, the children's pain level (FLACC scale), fear level (child fear scale), and anxiety level (child anxiety scale) will be assessed. The obtained data will be compared using statistical analysis methods. Group 1 (Experiment 1): Distraction method using betta fish observation
Before, during, and after blood sampling, the children's pain level (FLACC scale), fear level (child fear scale), and anxiety level (child anxiety scale) will be assessed. The obtained data will be compared using statistical analysis methods. Group 2 (Experiment 2): Distraction method using hand puppets
Before, during, and after blood sampling, the children's pain level (FLACC scale), fear level (child fear scale), and anxiety level (child anxiety scale) will be assessed. The obtained data will be compared using statistical analysis methods. Group 3 (Control): Routine clinical practice (without any therapeutic intervention)
Igdır University
Iğdır, Iğdır, Turkey (Türkiye)
RECRUITINGFLACC Pain Assessment Scale
This scale is a pain scale assess pain in children aged 2 months to 7 years.It evaluates leg movements, facial expression, crying, and soothing ability and activity behaviors in relation to the pain experienced by the child. These behaviors are scored using a scale of 0, 1, and 2 points. A score of '0' indicates the absence of pain, '1-3' indicates mild pain, '4-6' indicates moderate pain, and '7-10' indicates the presence of severe pain.
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Children's Fear Scale
The scale is designed for children aged 5 to 10 years. A talented graphic artist developed visual depictions showing changes in facial muscles associated with fear, using photographs of individuals with anxious facial expressions. The scale can be used by parents, children, or researchers to assess children's fear levels. The child is presented with a scale consisting of five facial expressions, each scored between "0" and "4". A score of "0" indicates a fearless, neutral expression, while "4" represents the highest level of fear. The scores progress as follows: "0" (neutral statement/no fear), "1" (very little fear), "2" (some fear), "3" (more fear) and "4" (highest possible fear). This scale can be used to measure fear both before and during the procedure.
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
Child Anxiety Scale
The "Child Anxiety Scale-State (CAS-S)," which resembles a thermometer with horizontal lines, is scored from 0 to 10. It is a scale developed for children aged 4-10 years. When the scale is introduced to the child, it is stated that there is no anxiety, that anxiety increases as the scale moves upwards, and that the anxiety level is very high at the top. Then, the child is asked to indicate the level of anxiety or tension they feel with a line. The scale, developed by Ersig et al. (Ersig et al., 2013) in 2013, had its Turkish validity and reliability study conducted by Gerçeker et al. in 2018 (Gerçeker et al., 2018). The "Child Anxiety Scale-State (CAS-S)," which resembles a thermometer with horizontal lines, is scored from 0 to 10. It is a scale developed for children aged 4-10 years.
Time frame: through study completion, an average of 1 year
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