Effect of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Combined With Scoliosis-Specific Three-Dimensional Exercises in Adolescents With Idiopathic Scoliosis

Overview

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effects of scoliosis-specific three-dimensional exercises combined with pelvic floor muscle training on scoliosis severity and spinopelvic parameters in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the addition of pelvic floor muscle training to scoliosis-specific three-dimensional exercises improve scoliosis severity compared with scoliosis-specific three-dimensional exercises alone? * Does the addition of pelvic floor muscle training improve spinopelvic parameters compared with scoliosis-specific three-dimensional exercises alone? Researchers will compare a scoliosis-specific three-dimensional exercise plus pelvic floor muscle training group with a scoliosis-specific three-dimensional exercise group to determine whether the combined intervention provides additional clinical benefits. Participants will: * undergo baseline clinical and radiographic assessments; * be randomly assigned to one of the two intervention groups; * receive supervised treatment for 3 months according to the assigned intervention; * undergo follow-up clinical and radiographic assessments at the end of the intervention period.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity characterized by lateral curvature of the spine, vertebral rotation, and alterations in sagittal alignment. Conservative treatment, including scoliosis-specific three-dimensional exercises, is widely recommended for individuals with mild to moderate AIS to reduce curve progression and improve postural alignment and function. The pelvic floor muscles contribute to lumbopelvic stability through their interaction with the diaphragm, abdominal muscles, and paraspinal muscles. Although alterations in trunk muscle function have been reported in individuals with AIS, the potential role of pelvic floor muscle training as an adjunct to scoliosis-specific exercise programs has not been adequately investigated. This randomized controlled trial will compare scoliosis-specific three-dimensional exercises combined with pelvic floor muscle training versus scoliosis-specific three-dimensional exercises alone in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. The study will evaluate the effects of these interventions on scoliosis severity and spinopelvic parameters after a 3-month treatment period. The findings may contribute to optimizing conservative rehabilitation strategies for adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.