This study aims to evaluate the effects of antioxidant-rich supplementation on skin carotenoid status, antioxidant status, and cardiometabolic health in overweight and obese individuals. The study may provide additional scientific evidence to support the further refinement of current dietary and nutritional recommendations.
This study will be a single-blind, randomized, parallel-group trial, and all participants will complete a 12-week study period. A total of 66 participants will be recruited and randomly assigned to continue their habitual diet with or without antioxidant-rich supplementation. This study aims to investigate whether antioxidant-rich supplementation will influence body composition, skin carotenoid status, antioxidant status, and cardiometabolic health. The study will comprise 1 screening visit and 4 test visits.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
83
Maintained habitual diet with additionally taking LifePak Element for 12 weeks
Maintaining habitual diet with additionally taking LifePak Optimal for 12 weeks
NUS, Department of Food Science and Technology, 1 Science Drive 3, Block S13, #03-07, Singapore, 117550
Singapore, Singapore
Change in Skin Carotenoid Score Measured by Prysm iO™ from Baseline to Week 12
Skin carotenoid status will be assessed using the Prysm iO™ device. The device scans the participant's fingertip and provides a skin carotenoid score, also referred to as the Prysm Score. Results will be reported as the numerical Prysm Score. Higher scores indicate higher skin carotenoid levels.
Time frame: Week 0, 4, 8, 12
Mean Change from Baseline in Blood Carotenoid Concentration
Blood carotenoid concentration will be assessed using blood samples collected from participants. Results will be reported as the mean change from baseline in blood carotenoid concentration at Week 12. Higher concentrations indicate higher circulating carotenoid status.
Time frame: Week 0 and Week 12
Mean Change from Baseline in Total Antioxidant Capacity in Blood Samples
Total antioxidant capacity will be assessed using blood samples collected from participants. Results will be reported as the mean change from baseline in total antioxidant capacity at each post-baseline time point.
Time frame: Week 0 and Week 12
Mean Change from Baseline in Fasting Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Concentrations
Fasting blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations will be assessed using blood samples collected from participants after an overnight fast. The lipid and lipoprotein profile may include total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. Results will be reported as the mean change from baseline in each lipid and lipoprotein parameter at Week 12.
Time frame: Week 0 and Week 12
Mean Change from Baseline in Fasting Blood Glucose Concentration
Fasting blood glucose concentration will be assessed using blood samples collected from participants after an overnight fast. Results will be reported as the mean change from baseline in fasting blood glucose concentration at Week 12.
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Time frame: Week 0 and Week 12
Mean Change from Baseline in Fasting Blood Insulin Concentration
Fasting blood insulin concentration will be assessed using blood samples collected from participants after an overnight fast. Results will be reported as the mean change from baseline in fasting blood insulin concentration at Week 12.
Time frame: Week 0 and Week 12
Mean Change from Baseline in Blood Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress: Malondialdehyde and 8-Isoprostane
Oxidative stress will be assessed using blood samples collected from participants. Blood biomarkers of oxidative stress will include malondialdehyde and 8-isoprostane. Results will be reported as the mean change from baseline in malondialdehyde concentration and 8-isoprostane concentration at Week 12. Higher concentrations indicate higher levels of oxidative stress.
Time frame: Week 0 and Week 12
Mean Change from Baseline in Skin Autofluorescence Measured by AGE Reader mu Connect
Skin advanced glycation end product accumulation will be assessed non-invasively using the AGE Reader mu Connect. The device measures skin tissue autofluorescence on the inside of the participant's dominant lower forearm. Results will be reported as the mean change from baseline in AGE Reader measurement result, expressed in arbitrary units. Higher values indicate higher skin advanced glycation end product accumulation.
Time frame: Week 0, 4, 8, 12
Mean Change from Baseline in Blood Advanced Glycation End Product Level
Blood advanced glycation end product level will be assessed using blood samples collected from participants. Results will be reported as the mean change from baseline in blood advanced glycation end product level at Week 12.
Time frame: Week 0 and Week 12
Mean change from baseline in anthropometric and body composition parameters
Anthropometric and body composition parameters will be assessed using standard measurements and InBody body composition analysis. Parameters may include body weight, waist circumference, body fat percentage, fat mass, fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass and body mass index. Results will be reported as the mean change from baseline at each post-baseline time point.
Time frame: Week 0, 4, 8, 12