The clinical trial is investigating the oral administration of probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 in the form of lozenges in healthy adults. The main outcome measures are: * Potential for Streptococcus salivarius K12 to colonise the oral cavity * Effect on other bacteria and Candida albicans in the oral cavity * Possible anti-inflammatory effect Participants will: * Take one lozenge containing Streptococcus salivarius K12 daily for 4 weeks * Attend 3 dental check-ups (before starting the probiotic treatment, and after 4 and 8 weeks) * Collect their own saliva samples in accordance with a sampling schedule
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
12
The intervention consists of daily consumption of 1 lozenge BIOTICS-O for 4 weeks. BIOTICS-O are probiotic lozenges from the manufacturer Burgerstein Vitamine. They contain viable Streptococcus salivarius K12 (BLIS® K12, ATCC BAA-1024), 1 billion colony-forming units (CFU) per lozenge. BIOTICS-O is a dietary supplement available over the counter in Swiss pharmacies.
Center for Dental Medicine
Zurich, Canton of Zurich, Switzerland
Impact of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on oral colonization
Quantitative PCR (qPCR) for Streptococcus salivarius and BLIS-containing plasmid counts in saliva samples
Time frame: Baseline, intervention, and washout samples are collected according to a sampling schedule for 8 weeks.
Impact of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on oral colonization
Microbiome analysis of dental plaque samples (Bacteria, 16S rRNA gene sequencing)
Time frame: Three dental plaque samples are analysed: baseline, intervention (after 4 weeks), and washout (after 8 weeks)
Impact of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on oral colonization
Determination of Candida albicans load by culture from saliva samples
Time frame: Three saliva samples are analysed: baseline, intervention (after 4 weeks), and washout (after 8 weeks)
Impact of Streptococcus salivarius K12 on salivary immune markers
Determination of immune marker concentration (IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, MMP-8, and TNF alpha) in saliva using the Luminex technology
Time frame: Baseline, intervention, and washout samples (saliva) are collected according to a sampling schedule for 8 weeks.
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