The primary goal of this single-case experimental design study is to investigate the effectiveness of personalised music listening on daily levels of distress after discharge from a critical care ward. The study will also aim to understand the effect of personalised music listening on symptoms of post-traumatic stress, anxiety, depression and health-related quality of life post-discharge. The main questions the study aims to answer are included below. After discharge from critical care, does personalised music-listening: * Reduce psychological distress? * Reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression? * Improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL)? The study will have 3 phases, allowing for participant data gathered during the baseline phase (treatment as usual) to be compared to data gathered during intervention (music-listening) and follow-up phases. Participants will: * rate their distress on a visual analogue scale each day. * listen to a minimum of 30 minutes of self-selected music each day during the intervention phase. * complete measures of mood, anxiety, post-traumatic stress and health-related quality of life at baseline, intervention and follow-up phases.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
9
Two week personalised music listening intervention, with daily self-directed listening for a minimum of 30 minutes per day. Participants will meet with researcher after first week to review the listening material.
NHS Fife
Kirkcaldy, Fife, United Kingdom
RECRUITINGChange in daily distress scores measured on the visual analogue scale 'Distress Thermometer'
Distress Thermometer rates distress on a scale of 0-10, where 0 is equivalent to no distress and 10 indicates the worst possible distress.
Time frame: Daily from enrolment to the end of the follow-up phase (5-6 weeks depending on baseline allocation).
Changes in severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms as measured by the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R).
The IES-R is a 22-item self-report measure capturing intrusive, avoidant and hyperarousal symptoms of PTS. The IES-R evaluates how distressed the individual has been by their symptoms over the past week rated on a Likert scale of 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely).
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (3-4 weeks depending on baseline allocation), and post-follow up (5-6 weeks depending on baseline allocation).
Changes in anxiety symptom severity as measured by the Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale.
The GAD-7 is a 7-item measure of anxiety and worry where participants are asked to rate from 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day) how often they were bothered by difficulties in the past 2 weeks. The measure has cut-off scores suggesting mild (5-9), moderate (10-14) and severe (15-21) anxiety, with scores above 10 considered within the clinical range for an anxiety disorder. Clinically significant change is considered to be a reduction in at least 4 points.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (3-4 weeks depending on baseline allocation), and post-follow up (5-6 weeks depending on baseline allocation).
Changes in depression symptom severity as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
The PHQ-9 is a 9-item measure of depression where participants rate from 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day) how often they had been bothered by depressive symptoms in the past 2 weeks. Total score interpretations are none-minimal (0-4), mild (5-9), moderate (10-14), moderately-severe (15-19) or severe depression (20-27). Again, scores above 10 are considered in the clinical range. Clinically significant change is considered to be a reduction in 6 or more points.
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (3-4 weeks depending on baseline allocation), and post-follow up (5-6 weeks depending on baseline allocation).
Changes in Health-Related Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L) scores.
The EQ-5D-5L is a short measure of HRQoL which descriptively scores responses to questions across dimensions of mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression and provides a 5 digit code describing participants health state. Participants are also asked to rate their overall current health on a visual analogue scale between 0 (worst health you can imagine) to 100 (best health you can imagine).
Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (3-4 weeks depending on baseline allocation), and post-follow up (5-6 weeks depending on baseline allocation).
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