The goal of this prospective clinical trial is to evaluate the additive therapeutic efficacy of Kinesio taping combined with routine post-surgical cryotherapy in reducing acute postoperative facial edema and pain in adult patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the application of compression Kinesio taping significantly reduce post-surgical facial edema compared to standard postoperative care alone? Does Kinesio taping provide additional pain relief and functional recovery during the early acute postoperative phase when compared with standard compression taping? Researchers will compare patients receiving bilateral Kinesio taping alongside standard postoperative cryotherapy to a control group receiving standard postoperative cryotherapy alongside standard compression taping to see if Kinesio taping taping provides a superior or additive effect in decreasing edema and alleviating pain. Participants will: Undergo bimaxillary orthognathic surgery under a standardized surgical protocol. Receive routine postoperative cold/cryotherapy application as part of baseline care. Randomly, have Kinesio tape applied immediately postoperatively using a compression taping approach (intervention group) or receive standard rigid compression taping (control group). Undergo standardized facial swelling and pain assessments at pre-determined postoperative follow-up intervals.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
36
Participants allocated to the kinesiotaping group received bilateral facial taping using kinesiotaping with a standard width of 5 cm.
Participants allocated to the comparison group received bilateral rigid compression taping over the postoperative facial region.
Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry
Ankara, Cankaya, Turkey (Türkiye)
Facial edema
Edema evaluation was performed using a standard flexible plastic tape measure (accuracy ±0.5 mm). Seven linear facial distances were recorded bilaterally and the sum of both sides was used for analysis.
Time frame: Immediately after surgery and post-op day 2
Postoperative pain
Postoperative pain intensity was assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS). The scale was anchored by "no pain" at one end and "the worst pain imaginable" at the other. Participants were instructed to mark the point on the line that best represented their current level of postoperative pain. The distance between the "no pain" anchor and the participant's mark was measured and converted to a score ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity.
Time frame: Immediately after surgery and post-op day 2
Facial edema
Edema evaluation was performed using a standard flexible plastic tape measure (accuracy ±0.5 mm). Seven linear facial distances were recorded bilaterally and the sum of both sides was used for analysis.
Time frame: Post-op day 2 and post-op day 5
Postoperative pain
Postoperative pain intensity was assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS). The scale was anchored by "no pain" at one end and "the worst pain imaginable" at the other. Participants were instructed to mark the point on the line that best represented their current level of postoperative pain. The distance between the "no pain" anchor and the participant's mark was measured and converted to a score ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity.
Time frame: Post-op day 2 and post-op day 5
Facial edema
Edema evaluation was performed using a standard flexible plastic tape measure (accuracy ±0.5 mm). Seven linear facial distances were recorded bilaterally and the sum of both sides was used for analysis.
Time frame: Post-op day 5 and post-op day 7
Postoperative pain
Postoperative pain intensity was assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS). The scale was anchored by "no pain" at one end and "the worst pain imaginable" at the other. Participants were instructed to mark the point on the line that best represented their current level of postoperative pain. The distance between the "no pain" anchor and the participant's mark was measured and converted to a score ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity.
Time frame: Post-op day 5 and post-op day 7
Oral health-related quality of life
Oral health-related quality of life was evaluated using the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). The OQLQ is a condition-specific questionnaire designed to assess the effects of dentofacial deformity and orthognathic treatment on patients' daily lives.
Time frame: Immediately after surgery and post-op day 2
Oral health-related quality of life
Oral health-related quality of life was evaluated using the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). The OQLQ is a condition-specific questionnaire designed to assess the effects of dentofacial deformity and orthognathic treatment on patients' daily lives.
Time frame: Post-op day 2 and post-op day 5
Oral health-related quality of life
Oral health-related quality of life was evaluated using the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). The OQLQ is a condition-specific questionnaire designed to assess the effects of dentofacial deformity and orthognathic treatment on patients' daily lives.
Time frame: Post-op day 5 and post-op day 7
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