Effects of Unilateral Complex Training on Lower-Limb Strength Asymmetry and Athletic Performance in Basketball Players

University of Gaziantep29 enrolled

Overview

This study evaluated the effects of an eight-week unilateral complex training program on lower-limb strength, inter-limb strength asymmetry, and athletic performance in male basketball players. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group that performed unilateral complex training in addition to regular basketball training or a control group that continued regular basketball training. Outcomes included isokinetic knee flexor and extensor strength, hamstring-to-quadriceps strength ratios, inter-limb strength asymmetry, vertical jump performance, and 20-m sprint performance. The study aimed to determine whether unilateral complex training could improve lower-limb neuromuscular function and athletic performance in basketball players.

Basketball requires repeated jumping, sprinting, changing direction, and unilateral force production, which may contribute to strength differences between the lower limbs. Unilateral complex training combines resistance exercises with biomechanically similar explosive exercises performed predominantly on one limb. This approach may provide a sport-specific stimulus for improving neuromuscular function and reducing inter-limb strength asymmetry. In this randomized controlled study, male basketball players were allocated to an experimental or control group. The experimental group completed an eight-week unilateral complex training program twice per week in addition to regular basketball training, whereas the control group continued regular basketball training without the additional intervention. Participants were assessed before and after the intervention using isokinetic knee strength testing, countermovement and Abalakov jump tests, and a 20-m sprint test.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

OTHER

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Interventions

Unilateral Complex TrainingBEHAVIORAL

Participants completed an eight-week unilateral complex training program in addition to their regular basketball training. Training was performed twice per week, with approximately 48-72 hours between sessions. Each session lasted approximately 45-55 minutes and combined unilateral resistance exercises with biomechanically similar explosive or plyometric exercises. Training load and exercise difficulty were progressively adjusted throughout the intervention period.

Eligibility

Sex: MALEMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 21 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Male basketball players who volunteered to participate in the study. * Having at least 5 years of basketball training experience. * Participating in regular basketball training at least four times per week during the previous 2 years. * Being actively involved in regular basketball training and competition. * Being able to participate in the unilateral complex training and performance testing procedures. Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of any musculoskeletal injury or health condition that could affect physical performance or prevent participation in the training program. * Current injury or medical condition restricting participation in basketball training or performance testing. * Failure to complete the required training or testing sessions. * Use of medications or treatments that could substantially affect physical performance, if applicable.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Lower-Limb Strength Asymmetry

Lower-limb strength asymmetry will be assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. Peak torque of the knee extensors and flexors will be measured bilaterally at an angular velocity of 60°/s. Inter-limb asymmetry will be calculated from the strength values of the right and left limbs and expressed as a percentage (%). Lower percentage values indicate lower inter-limb strength asymmetry.

Time frame: Baseline and after the 6-week intervention