The proposed study will enroll healthy older adult participants to examine the effectiveness of music listening activities to promote hearing and cognition. Participants will be randomized into one of four experimental groups and can expect to participate for up to 21 hours of research distributed over 20 weeks.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
216
Participants will listen to musical excerpts, and guided instructions will be provided to tell the participants what aspect of the music to pay attention to and how to respond. Participants will log responses on an interactive tablet-based interface.
Participants will listen to musical excerpts and will be provided with guided instructions directing their attention to specific aspects of the music. Participants will report when they perceive a noticeable change in the music (e.g., changes in instrumentation, rhythm, texture, or intensity). Participants will log responses on an interactive tablet-based interface.
Northeastern University
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
RECRUITINGDigits-in-Noise Task
The Digits-in-Noise (DIN) test presents trials of three sequential spoken digits against a broad-band, speech-shaped masker. Signal/noise ratio is varied adaptively to track 50% correct. The dependent variable is the threshold noise tolerance in dB. Lower scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Mid-test (week 5), Post-test (week 10), Follow-up (week 18)
Spatial Release From Masking Task
Tests the ability to distinguish speech from competing speech. Collocated condition uses target and two competing maskers all located directly in front of the listener, and spatially separated condition uses two masking sentences sent from 45 degrees to the left and right of center. Sentences are correctly identified as part of a series of test trials in which TMR progressively reduced every two trials. The dependent variable is the threshold target-to-masker ratio (TMR) as estimated based on the number of sentences correctly identified. Lower scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Mid-test (week 5), Post-test (week 10), Follow-up (week 18)
Dichotic Sentence Identification Task
The DSI test simultaneously presents two nonsense sentences, one to each ear. Participants indicate two sentences heard from a list of alternatives. DSI sentences are presented at a comfortable listening level, usually 50 dB above pure-tone average of each ear. The dependent variable is the percentage of sentences correctly identified. Higher scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Mid-test (week 5), Post-test (week 10), Follow-up (week 18)
Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (RHHI)
Survey that assesses the perceived level of hearing ability under different environmental or social situations, and participants also self-report ear surgeries or known ear pathologies. The dependent variable is total score (summed). Higher scores indicate greater perceived handicap.
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Participants will be asked to attend to auditory stimuli and respond to them according to guided instructions. Participants will log responses on an interactive tablet-based interface.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Post-test (week 10), Follow-up (week 18)
Speech Recognition Threshold using Coordinate Response Measure
SRT stimuli from the Coordinate Response Measure are sentences that participants hear that contain a color and number (e.g., "Ready Charlie, go to blue three now"). Participants select one of 36 colored/numbered squares that matches the color-number combination of the sentence. The dependent variable is the threshold target-to-masker ratio (TMR) as estimated based on the number of sentences correctly identified as part of a series of 20 test trials in which TMR progressively reduced every two trials. Lower scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Mid-test (week 5), Post-test (week 10), Follow-up (week 18)
Gap Detection Task
Temporal sensitivity to silent gaps between pairs of brief (4 ms) bandlimited stimuli. The gap duration will start at 6 ms, and be reduced from there using a staircase procedure. The dependent variable is the threshold (in ms) at which participants stop responding accurately. Lower scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Post-test (week 10)
Spectrotemporal Sensitivity Task
Stimuli are either unmodulated or are spectrotemporally modulated in amplitude using two cycles/octave for the spectral modulation and 4 Hz for the temporal modulation. Modulation depth in decibels (dB) will be adaptively varied to estimate threshold. The dependent variable is the threshold (in dB) at which participants stop responding accurately. Lower scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Post-test (week 10)
Monaural and Binaural Sensitivity to Frequency Modulation Task
The stimulus is a pure tone that is modulated sinusoidally and varies at a rate of 2 Hz. The task is to detect differences between modulated and unmodulated tones, and the modulated "depth" in Hz is tracked adaptively. The BFM stimuli are identical to MFM except for presentation to both ears with increasing frequency in one ear and decreasing in the other. The dependent variable is the threshold (in Hz) at which participants stop responding accurately. Lower scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Post-test (week 10)
Audio Visual Divided Attention Task
Participants are presented with auditory sequences of spoken digits and visual sequences of written letters. Participants will be instructed to recall a particular sequence either in advance (assesses selective attention) or only afterwards (assesses divided attention). The dependent variable is the fall-off of reaction time and accuracy across a the single-stream task. Higher scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Mid-test (week 5), Post-test (week 10), Follow-up (week 18)
Paced Serial Addition Task
Participants are shown a series of numbers one at a time. Their goal is to add the last two numbers presented and select the answer that correctly adds the two numbers. Participants are shown single digit numbers and are required to answer on a number pad . The dependent variable is the total number of correct responses. Higher scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Post-test (week 10), Follow-up (week 18)
Letter-Number Sequencing Task
The participant is presented with a mixed order of letters and numbers and must remember and sort them numerically and alphabetically. Set size starts at 2 and increases until the participants fail to recall both trials at a given set size. The dependent variable is Score (total number of correct trials). Higher scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Post-test (week 10), Follow-up (week 18)
Auditory N-back Task
Participants are presented with a consecutive stream of tones through headphones, and are asked to tap on the screen every time the currently presented item matches the one presented N items earlier. The dependent variable consists of accuracy on each of the levels calculated as hits/(hits+misses+false alarms). Higher scores indicate better performance.
Time frame: Pre-test (week 1), Post-test (week 10), Follow-up (week 18)