This study is a prospective, randomized, crossover clinical investigation designed to evaluate the accuracy, efficiency, and usability of the Vision Trainer software for subjective refraction. The study compares software-guided refraction, implemented using both Jackson Cross Cylinder (JCC) and Non-JCC workflows, against standard unassisted manual refraction performed by trained examiners
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
128
Participants will receive the vision software trainer when randomized 1:1
Pennsylvania Presbyterian Hospital
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
1st Outcome Measure
To demonstrate non-inferiority of Vision Trainer software-guided refraction (JCC and Non-JCC workflows combined) versus unassisted standard manual refraction in terms of prescription accuracy. Two co-primary effectiveness endpoints are defined at the eye level. The first endpoint is the signed difference in Mean Spherical Equivalent (MSE), calculated as $$D\_{MSE} = \\text{MSE}\_{software} - \\text{MSE}\_{unassisted}$$. The second endpoint is astigmatic component accuracy, computed as signed Thibos power-vector component differences: $$D\_{J0} = J\_{0,software} - J\_{0,unassisted}, \\quad D\_{J45} = J\_{45,software} - J\_{45,unassisted}$$.
Time frame: Baseline
Secondary Outcome Measure
Time-to-completion for software-guided vs. unassisted refraction
Time frame: Baseline
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