This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of a Health Belief Model-based multicomponent education program on colorectal cancer screening completion, knowledge, health beliefs, and screening attitudes among adults aged 50-70 years. A total of 176 participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group received an individual 30-35-minute face-to-face education session supported by a video and an informational brochure. The control group received no structured colorectal cancer education during the four-week study period and was offered the brochure after completing the Week 4 assessment. Colorectal cancer knowledge, health beliefs, and screening attitudes were assessed at baseline and Week 4. Self-reported screening completion during the follow-up period was assessed at Week 4. It was hypothesized that participants receiving the program would demonstrate greater improvements in colorectal cancer-related knowledge, health beliefs, screening attitudes, and screening uptake than participants in the control group.
This two-arm, parallel-group rrandomized controlled trial was conducted at Bartın Healthy Living Center in Bartın, Türkiye. Community-dwelling adults aged 50-70 years were assigned to the intervention or control group using simple randomization. The intervention group received an individual educational program developed according to the Health Belief Model. The program combined face-to-face education, video-based education, and an informational brochure. It addressed colorectal cancer risk factors, symptoms, prevention, recommended screening methods, and the importance of early detection. The educational content was structured to address perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, health motivation, and confidence in engaging in screening behavior.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SCREENING
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
176
The individual educational program combined face-to-face instruction, video-based educational content, and an informational brochure. It addressed colorectal cancer risk factors, symptoms, prevention, early detection, recommended screening methods, health beliefs, and participation in colorectal cancer screening.
Bartın Yaşam Merkezi
Bartın, Merkez, Turkey (Türkiye)
Self-Reported Colorectal Cancer Screening Uptake
The number and proportion of participants who self-reported completing at least one colorectal cancer screening test during the four-week follow-up period were assessed. Screening included fecal occult blood testing or colonoscopy.
Time frame: 4 weeks after the intervention
Change From Baseline in Colorectal Cancer Knowledge Score
Colorectal cancer knowledge was assessed using the knowledge section of the Colorectal Cancer Early Detection Knowledge and Screening Practices Form. Scores range from 0 to 18, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge of colorectal cancer risk factors, symptoms, screening methods, and the recommended screening age.
Time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention
Change From Baseline in Perceived Confidence and Benefits Score
Perceived confidence and benefits were assessed using the 11-item confidence/benefits subscale of the Colorectal Cancer Health Belief Model Scale. Raw total scores range from 11 to 55. For analysis, the total score was divided by 11 to obtain a mean item score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate greater confidence in and perceived benefits of colorectal cancer screening.
Time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention
Change From Baseline in Perceived Barriers Score
Perceived barriers to colorectal cancer screening were assessed using the six-item perceived barriers subscale of the Colorectal Cancer Health Belief Model Scale. Raw total scores range from 6 to 30. For analysis, the total score was divided by six to obtain a mean item score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate greater perceived barriers to colorectal cancer screening.
Time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention
Change From Baseline in Health Motivation Score
Health motivation was assessed using the five-item health motivation subscale of the Colorectal Cancer Health Belief Model Scale. Raw total scores range from 5 to 25. For analysis, the total score was divided by five to obtain a mean item score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate greater health motivation.
Time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention
Change From Baseline in Perceived Susceptibility Score
Perceived susceptibility was assessed using the six-item perceived susceptibility subscale of the Colorectal Cancer Health Belief Model Scale. Raw total scores range from 6 to 30. For analysis, the total score was divided by six to obtain a mean item score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate greater perceived susceptibility to colorectal cancer.
Time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention
Change From Baseline in Perceived Severity Score
Perceived severity was assessed using the five-item perceived severity subscale of the Colorectal Cancer Health Belief Model Scale. Raw total scores range from 5 to 25. For analysis, the total score was divided by five to obtain a mean item score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate greater perceived severity of colorectal cancer.
Time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention
Change From Baseline in Attitudes Toward Cancer Screening Score
Attitudes toward cancer screening were assessed using the 24-item Attitudes Toward Cancer Screening Scale. Raw total scores range from 24 to 120. For analysis, the total score was divided by 24 to obtain a mean item score ranging from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate more positive attitudes toward cancer screening.
Time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention
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