The aim of this study is to compare the mechanisms of tissue destruction between natural teeth with periodontitis and implants with peri-implantitis within the same individual, and to evaluate the effects of routine Phase I periodontal therapy (scaling and root planing, and oral hygiene instruction). In this study, the tissue biomarker levels of Gremlin-1, CTHRC1, and Tenascin-C will be investigated. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) samples will be collected from subjects concurrently diagnosed with both periodontitis and peri-implantitis.
The primary objective of this study is to compare the mechanisms of tissue destruction between natural teeth with periodontitis and implants with peri-implantitis within the same individual, and to evaluate the effects of routine Phase I periodontal therapy (scaling and root planing, and oral hygiene instruction)-performed in accordance with standard protocols-on these pathological processes. Individuals concurrently diagnosed with both periodontitis and peri-implantitis will be included in the study. In our study, the tissue biomarker levels of Gremlin-1, which inhibits bone regeneration via BMP antagonist activity; CTHRC1, which induces osteogenic differentiation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway; and Tenascin-C, which reflects extracellular matrix degradation during the inflammatory process, will be investigated. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) samples will be collected from these subjects prior to treatment (T0) and at the one-month post-treatment follow-up visit (T1). The obtained biomarker levels will be quantitatively analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Through the acquired data, it is aimed to elucidate the differences in bone remodeling (coupling) dynamics around implants compared to the bone metabolism around natural teeth, thereby providing a scientific rationale for the development of novel diagnostic approaches and targeted therapeutic strategies.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
30
Routine non-surgical periodontal and peri-implant treatment consisting of scaling and root planing (SRP) and oral hygiene instructions.
Adıyaman University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology
Adıyaman, Adıyaman Province, Turkey (Türkiye)
Change in GCF and PISF Biomarker Levels (Gremlin-1, CTHRC1, Tenascin-C).
The concentrations of Gremlin-1, CTHRC1, and Tenascin-C proteins in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) will be quantified using highly sensitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits. The values will be measured in picograms per milliliter (pg/mL) to evaluate the immunological response to Phase I therapy.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and 1 month post-treatment (T1).
Change in Probing Pocket Depth (PPD)
Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) will be measured in millimeters (mm). Higher measurement values indicate deeper periodontal pockets and a worse clinical condition. A reduction in PPD from baseline to post-treatment indicates a better clinical outcome.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and 1 month post-treatment (T1).
Change in Clinical Attachment Level (CAL)
Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) will be recorded in millimeters (mm). Higher measurement values indicate greater clinical attachment loss and a worse condition. A reduction in CAL values indicates clinical improvement and a better outcome.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and 1 month post-treatment (T1).
Change in Plaque Index (PI).
Plaque accumulation will be evaluated using the Plaque Index (scale: 0-3). Higher scores indicate greater plaque accumulation and a worse clinical condition. A decrease in scores over time indicates a better clinical outcome.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and 1 month post-treatment (T1).
Change in Gingival Index (GI)
Gingival inflammation will be evaluated using the Gingival Index (scale: 0-3). Higher scores indicate more severe gingival inflammation and a worse condition. A decrease in scores over time indicates a better clinical outcome.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and 1 month post-treatment (T1).
Change in Bleeding on Probing (BOP).
The presence of bleeding upon probing will be recorded and expressed as a percentage of bleeding sites (%). Higher percentages indicate more widespread inflammation. A reduction in the BOP percentage indicates a better clinical outcome.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and 1 month post-treatment (T1).
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.