HPV can cause various cancers, including cervical cancer. HIV-infected individuals, due to immune deficiency or long-term immunosuppressive therapy, have significantly higher rates of HPV infection and associated lesion risks compared to the general population. However, clinical research on vaccines for HIV-infected individuals is still in its early stages. This study aims to investigate the safety, immunogenicity, and immune response mechanisms of HPV vaccines in HIV-infected populations. A single-center, prospective, open-label cohort study was conducted, enrolling 60 HIV-infected participants and 20 healthy controls, who received vaccinations according to a 0-, 1-, and 6-month schedule and were followed up for two years. Adverse events were monitored using CTCAE 5.0 criteria, while humoral and cellular immune responses were assessed using pseudovirus neutralization assays, mass cytometry, high-throughput gene sequencing, ELISA, and other techniques. By integrating data on HIV-related biomarkers, host genetic factors, and immune pathway analyses, we aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of vaccine response. The study sought to define the safety profile of the vaccine in HIV-infected individuals, explore the impact of CD4+ cell count and ART regimens on immune responses, and establish a stratified vaccination strategy based on immune status. These findings are expected to provide critical data support and practical guidance for vaccine application in special populations, offering evidence-based insights for developing consensus and guidelines on HPV vaccination for HIV-infected individuals and enhancing the global public health impact of vaccines.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
80
The participants received one dose of the 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine (Cecolin 9) at 0 months (baseline), 1 month, and 6 months, with the injection site being the deltoid muscle of the upper arm.
The Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
Indicators related to HIV infection
CD4+T lymphocyte count; HIV viral load
Time frame: The participants were followed up at baseline (at the 0th month, before vaccination), at the 1st month, 6th month， 7th month， 12th month and at the 24th month to measure the CD4+T lymphocyte count and HIV viral load of the HIV-infected individuals.
Immunogenics-related indicators
Hpv-specific neutralizing antibody titer and Hpv-specific IgG antibody level.
Time frame: The participants were followed up at baseline， 1st month, 6th month, 7th month, 12th month and at the 24th month to detect the titers of HPV-specific neutralizing antibodies and the levels of HPV-specific IgG antibodies.
Incidence of adverse events and long-term safety
Adverse events; Blood routine test Liver and kidney functions
Time frame: The participants were followed up at baseline (at the 0th month, before vaccination), at the 1st month, at the 6th month, at the 7th month, at the 12th month, and at the 24th month to analyze adverse events, blood routine, liver and kidney functions.
Cellular and humoral immunity
Proportion and function of T cell subsets; Expression levels of immune-related genes;
Time frame: The participants were followed up at baseline (at the 0th month, before vaccination), at the 1st month, at the 6th month, at the 7th month, at the 12th month, and at the 24th month to analyze cellular and humoral immunity.
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