Family TIME: A Family-focused Nursing Intervention for Adults Receiving Haemodialysis and Their Families

Overview

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether a structured family conversation intervention can be delivered in a feasible and acceptable way to adults living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their family members. The study will also explore whether the intervention and study procedures are suitable for a future larger clinical trial. The main questions it aims to answer are: Can adults with CKD and their family members be successfully recruited, enrolled, and retained throughout the study? Is the Family Time intervention acceptable and practical for patients, family members, and healthcare professionals? Are the study procedures and selected questionnaires appropriate for evaluating a future larger trial? Does the intervention show potential to support family functioning and well-being? Researchers will compare the Family Time intervention plus usual care with usual care alone. Participants will: Complete questionnaires before and after the study period. Be allocated to either the Family Time intervention or usual care. If allocated to the intervention group, participate in three structured family conversations over approximately 8 weeks, with the option of one additional follow-up conversation. If allocated to the intervention group, be invited to take part in an interview about their experiences after completing the intervention.

Adults living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience substantial physical, emotional, and social challenges that extend beyond the individual and influence everyday family life. Family members frequently take on important supportive roles while simultaneously experiencing changes in family routines, responsibilities, communication, and well-being. Although family involvement is recognised as an important component of person-centred CKD care, structured family-focused interventions remain limited, and evidence supporting their implementation in routine nephrology practice is scarce. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of Family Time, a nurse-led family-focused intervention developed to support communication, shared understanding, and relational well-being among adults living with CKD and their families. The intervention has been developed following the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions and informed by evidence synthesis, qualitative research, stakeholder workshops, and patient and family involvement. A mixed-methods randomised feasibility trial will be conducted at two in-centre haemodialysis units in Denmark. Adults receiving in-centre haemodialysis and at least one participating family member will be allocated to either the Family Time intervention plus usual care or usual care alone. The intervention consists of three structured family conversations delivered over approximately 8 weeks, with the option of one additional follow-up conversation. Sessions are facilitated by the principal investigator and may be delivered face-to-face, online, or by telephone according to family preferences and practical circumstances. The primary outcomes are feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and study procedures, including recruitment, retention, intervention delivery, questionnaire completion, and participant experiences. Secondary exploratory outcomes include family functioning, individual well-being, and family communication, assessed using the Iceland Expressive Family Functioning Questionnaire (ICE-EFFQ), the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, and post-intervention qualitative interviews. The findings will inform refinement of both the intervention and study procedures and determine whether progression to a future definitive randomised controlled trial is warranted.