Prospective Comparative Cohort Study of Premium Versus Economy Cabin Travel and Popliteal Vein Diameter After Long-Haul Flight After an Aesthetic Surgery

Research Inc200 enrolled

Overview

This prospective cohort study will compare popliteal vein diameter changes in international travelers who independently fly to Bogota in premium business/first class or economy class. Standardized bilateral ultrasound will be performed before flight, within 2 hours after arrival, and at 24 and 48 hours. The primary outcome is the adjusted between-group difference in change from preflight diameter to arrival. Travel behavior and venous-risk confounders will be measured prospectively.

Travelers with documented premium or economy itineraries will be enrolled before departure. Bilateral popliteal vein diameter and cross-sectional area will be measured using a standardized ultrasound protocol before flight and three times after arrival, all before surgery. Actual seat characteristics, flight duration, connections, ambulation, fluid intake, alcohol, sedatives, and compression stocking use will be recorded. Mixed-effects and propensity-weighted analyses will compare the magnitude and persistence of dilation between cabin groups while acknowledging that cabin class is not randomized.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

200

Conditions

Physiologic Venous Dilation Air Travel

Interventions

Standardized Bilateral Popliteal Vein UltrasoundDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Triplicate anteroposterior and transverse diameter and cross-sectional-area measurements in both legs after a standardized resting period, with compressibility and flow assessment. Linked arm/group(s): Premium Cabin Travelers, Economy Cabin Travelers.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 65 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18 to 65 years. * Commercial flight to Bogota with at least 4 hours of total airborne time. * Prebooked premium business/first-class or economy-class seat documented before enrollment. * Standardized preflight ultrasound within 24 hours before departure. * Arrival, 24-hour, and 48-hour ultrasound completed before surgery. * Written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Current or prior unprovoked deep venous thrombosis requiring therapeutic anticoagulation. * Therapeutic anticoagulation during the study window. * Current pregnancy. * Lower-extremity condition preventing standardized bilateral popliteal ultrasound. * Surgery, prolonged immobilization, or major intravenous fluid administration before completion of the 48-hour scan. * Use of cabin upgrade after baseline or inability to verify the actual cabin flown.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Between-Cabin Difference in Change in Mean Bilateral Popliteal Vein Diameter

Difference between premium and economy groups in the participant-level change from preflight baseline to arrival. Diameter will be the mean of triplicate anteroposterior measurements in both legs and will be reported in millimeters.

Time frame: Within 24 hours before departure and within 2 hours after arrival at the study site. 3 days

Secondary Outcomes

Incidental Venous Thrombosis or Abnormal Compressibility

Number and proportion with a new abnormality requiring immediate clinical assessment.

Time frame: From preflight baseline through 48 hours after arrival. 3 days