This will be an un-blinded, open-label study of children and adults, including those who are being evaluated for or who have undergone HSCT, those with existing respiratory conditions and/or diagnosed gas-exchange impairment, and healthy control volunteers. The participants will be male or female between 3-17 years old (children) and adults age 18 and older. The study objective is to: * To optimize the acquisition of images reflecting the "dissolved-phase" Xe distribution in the pulmonary tissues and blood (Xe gas-exchange MRI). * To develop and test Xe MRI acquisition strategies that separately image alveolar airspace distribution (ventilation), as well as Xe dissolved in pulmonary tissues versus red blood cells (RBCs). * To acquire images of Xe ventilation and dissolved-phase Xe regional distribution in the enrolled participants. * To understand the same-day variability of Xe MRI techniques. * To determine the relationship between Xe MRI and clinical measures such as pulmonary-function-test (PFT) parameters or other biological biomarkers. * To develop and optimize strategies for Xe MRI in young children including those who are unable to follow the inhalation and breath-hold instructions typical of the Xe MRI procedure.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
550
Hyperpolarized xenon gas will be administered in doses of up to 1/6TLC (based on either ATS calculations that utilize gender and height to determine the dose or plethysmography data) for participants under 18 years old and 1000 milliliters for adults per our previous research experience followed by a breath hold of up to 16 seconds
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
RECRUITINGXe Gas-Exchange MRI
Images reflecting dissolved-phase xenon distribution in pulmonary tissues and blood obtained by xenon MRI
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 5 years
Establish Aquisition Strategies for Xenon Ventilation Imaging
Ventilation defect percentage (i.e., hypoventilated lung volume) will be analyzed following the xenon MRI
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 5 years
Percentage difference between Xe MRIs repeated within the same-day
Quantitative outcomes from Xe MRI scans, like the ventilation defect percentage (i.e., hypoventilated lung volume), from within the same participant will be compared using paired statistical tests to assess the same-day repeatability.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 5 years
Correlation between FEV1 and FEV1/FVC from spirometry with ventilation-defect percentage from Xe MRI.
The correlation between FEV1 and FEV1/FVC measured in liters and/or percent predicted from reference equations and the VDP (ventilation defect percentage) from Xe MRI will be determined.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 5 years
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