The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if AI-generated medical summaries help hospitalized pregnant participants better understand and actively participate in their own care. The main questions it aims to answer are: Do AI-generated summaries increase participant activation (knowledge, skills, and confidence in managing their health)? How accurate are the AI-generated summaries, as assessed by physicians? Do AI-generated summaries affect depressive symptoms during hospitalization? Researchers will compare participants who receive periodic AI-generated summaries of their medical care with participants who receive standard care to determine whether the summaries improve patient activation during hospitalization. Participants will: Be randomly assigned to receive AI-generated medical summaries or standard care. Complete the Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13) at baseline before the intervention and again after the intervention. Complete the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at baseline and again after the intervention. Receive up to 3 summaries during their hospitalization (intervention group only).
Hospitalized pregnant participants in high-risk antepartum units may face complex medical conditions and treatment plans and may have difficulty understanding all of the medical information provided during hospitalization. This may reduce their ability to actively participate in their own care. In this study, participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of two groups. Randomization will be stratified by gestational age at enrollment (\<32+0 weeks vs. ≥32+0 weeks) using permuted blocks with randomly varying block sizes. Participants in the intervention group will receive periodic medical summaries generated by a large language model (LLM) using a secure, privacy-protected AI environment at Sheba Medical Center. Each summary will be reviewed by a physician for medical accuracy before being provided to the participant. If a summary is considered inadequate, the physician may correct it before providing it to the participant or reject it, in which case it will not be provided. The first summary will be generated on days 3-5 of hospitalization. Updated summaries will subsequently be generated every 3-5 days, with a maximum of 3 summaries per participant during hospitalization. Participants in the control group will receive standard care without LLM-generated medical summaries. The researchers will investigate: Whether LLM-generated summaries improve patient activation, defined as the knowledge, skills, and confidence participants have in managing their own health, as measured by the Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13). Whether LLM-generated summaries affect depressive symptoms during hospitalization, as measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The accuracy of LLM-generated medical summaries as assessed by physicians, including whether summaries require modification or rejection before being provided to participants. Obstetric, neonatal, and postpartum clinical outcomes collected from the medical record.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
200
Participants receive patient-facing written medical summaries generated by a large language model (LLM) using a secure, privacy-protected AI environment at Sheba Medical Center. The intervention is informational and does not involve administration of a drug, use of a medical device, or performance of a medical procedure. Each summary is reviewed by a physician for medical accuracy before being provided to the participant. If a summary is deemed inadequate, it may be corrected by the reviewing physician before delivery or rejected and not provided. The first summary is generated on days 3-5 of hospitalization, with updated summaries every 3-5 days and a maximum of 3 summaries per participant.
Sheba Medical Center
Ramat Gan, Israel
Change in Patient Activation Measure Score
Change in Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13) score from baseline (pre-intervention) to post-intervention, compared between the intervention and control groups. The PAM-13 is a 13-item instrument assessing patient knowledge, skills, and confidence in managing their own health. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater patient activation.
Time frame: From baseline (pre-intervention) to post-intervention during hospitalization, approximately 1-8 weeks.
Number of LLM-Generated Medical Summaries Requiring Physician Modification or Rejection
Number of LLM-generated medical summaries that require physician modification or are rejected following physician review and prior to delivery to the participant.
Time frame: Throughout hospitalization, approximately 1-8 weeks
Change in Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale Score
Change in EPDS score from baseline (admission) to end of hospitalization (prior to discharge), compared between the intervention and control groups. The EPDS is a 10-item self-report instrument with scores ranging from 0 to 30. A score of 10 or above indicates clinically significant depressive symptoms.
Time frame: From admission to discharge, approximately 1-8 weeks
Gestational Age at Delivery
Gestational age at delivery, measured in weeks and days, collected from the medical record and compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame: At delivery, up to approximately 6 months after enrollment.
Mode of Delivery
Mode of delivery, categorized as spontaneous vaginal delivery, operative vaginal delivery, or cesarean delivery, collected from the medical record and compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame: At delivery, up to approximately 6 months after enrollment.
Indication for Cesarean Delivery
Indication for cesarean delivery among participants undergoing cesarean delivery, collected from the medical record.
Time frame: At delivery, up to approximately 6 months after enrollment.
Maternal Fever or Chorioamnionitis
Proportion of participants diagnosed with maternal fever or chorioamnionitis during pregnancy or delivery, collected from the medical record and compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame: From enrollment through delivery, up to approximately 6 months.
Length of Antepartum Hospitalization
Duration of antepartum hospitalization in days, collected from the medical record and compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame: From admission to discharge from the antepartum hospitalization, approximately 1-8 weeks.
Antepartum Readmission or Emergency Department Visit
Proportion of participants with hospital readmission or an emergency department visit following discharge from the index antepartum hospitalization and prior to delivery.
Time frame: From discharge from the index hospitalization through delivery, up to approximately 6 months after enrollment.
Birth Weight
Neonatal birth weight in grams, collected from the medical record and compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame: At delivery, up to approximately 6 months after enrollment.
Apgar Score at 1 Minute
Apgar score at 1 minute after birth, ranging from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating better neonatal condition.
Time frame: At delivery.
Apgar Score at 5 Minutes
Apgar score at 5 minutes after birth, ranging from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating better neonatal condition.
Time frame: At delivery.
Umbilical Arterial Cord Blood pH
Umbilical arterial cord blood pH measured at delivery and collected from the medical record.
Time frame: At delivery.
Umbilical Venous Cord Blood pH
Umbilical venous cord blood pH measured at delivery and collected from the medical record.
Time frame: At delivery.
Umbilical Arterial and Venous Cord Blood Base Excess
Umbilical arterial and Venous cord blood base excess measured at delivery and collected from the medical record.
Time frame: At delivery.
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Admission
Proportion of newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), collected from the medical record and compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame: From birth through neonatal hospital discharge, assessed up to 6 months after birth.
Postpartum Endometritis
Proportion of participants diagnosed with postpartum endometritis, collected from the medical record and compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame: From delivery through 6 weeks postpartum.
Postpartum Hemorrhage
Proportion of participants experiencing postpartum hemorrhage, defined as estimated blood loss greater than 1000 mL, collected from the medical record and compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame: From delivery through postpartum hospital discharge, assessed up to 6 weeks postpartum.
Length of Postpartum Hospitalization
Duration of postpartum hospitalization in days, collected from the medical record and compared between the intervention and control groups.
Time frame: From delivery through postpartum hospital discharge, assessed up to 6 weeks postpartum.
Postpartum Readmission or Emergency Department Visit
Proportion of participants with hospital readmission or an emergency department visit during the postpartum period.
Time frame: From postpartum hospital discharge through 6 weeks postpartum.
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