This study aims to evaluate the effects of Tai Chi exercise on the physical performance of elderly individuals diagnosed with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, which often leads to decreased physical function, mobility issues, and a higher risk of falls in older adults. Specifically, the research investigates the impact of an eight-week Tai Chi program on four key functional areas: handgrip strength measured by a dynamometer, balance evaluated through the 5-times Sit-to-Stand (5xSTS) test, mobility measured by the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and daily physical activity levels assessed via the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) questionnaire. The primary question this study seeks to answer is how Tai Chi exercise influences the physical performance of elderly patients with sarcopenia. Furthermore, it aims to determine whether practicing Tai Chi yields significant improvements in their handgrip strength, balance, mobility, and overall activity levels when compared to a control group participating in standard elderly gymnastics.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
40
The intervention group served as the experimental arm and participated in a Tai Chi exercise program. Each of their exercise sessions was led by a Tai Chi instructor and lasted for approximately 60 minutes, which consisted of a 10-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of core exercises, and a 10-minute cool-down. The participants in this group completed these training sessions three times a week over an eight-week period. After the eight-week period concluded, post-intervention data from both groups were collected and compared to their initial baseline measurements to evaluate which program yielded a more significant improvement in physical performance.
The control group was established to compare the effectiveness of Tai Chi against a more conventional physical activity. Participants in this group engaged in a standard elderly gymnastics program (senam lansia). Their sessions were also guided by an instructor but had a shorter duration, lasting for approximately 30 minutes per session. Just like the intervention group, they performed these exercises three times a week for a total of eight weeks. After the eight-week period concluded, post-intervention data from both groups were collected and compared to their initial baseline measurements to evaluate which program yielded a more significant improvement in physical performance.
GPIB Mount of Olives (Bukit Zaitun Church) Makassar
Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Handgrip Strength
This outcome measures upper body and global muscle strength using a CAMRY® handgrip dynamometer. Participants perform a maximum isometric contraction using their dominant hand, and the highest value from at least two trials is recorded. A higher value indicates greater muscle strength. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 recommends a diagnostic cutoff for low muscle strength of \<28.0 kg for men and \<18.0 kg for women
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 8)
5 Times Sit to Stand (5xSTS) Test
This test assesses lower extremity muscle strength, balance, and postural control. It measures the time (in seconds) required for a participant to rise from a standard armless chair (17 inches high) to a full standing position and sit back down five times consecutively, with arms folded across the chest. A lower time indicates better physical performance and balance, with a normal value considered to be $\\le12$ seconds.
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 8)
Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test
This test measures functional mobility, dynamic balance, and the risk of falling. It evaluates the time (in seconds) it takes for a participant to stand up from a chair, walk a distance of 3 meters at a normal pace, turn around, walk back, and sit down again. A completion time of \<12 seconds indicates good mobility, while taking \>12 seconds indicates poor mobility and a higher risk of falls.
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 8)
Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) Score
This outcome evaluates the self-reported physical activity levels of the participants over the previous 7 days. The PASE questionnaire calculates a total score based on the frequency, duration, and intensity of activities across three categories: leisure time, household chores, and work-related activities. Scores are categorized into less active (\<125) and active (\>= 125), with a higher score indicating a more active lifestyle.
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 8)
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.