The goal of this interventional study is to evaluate a smartphone-based precision nutrition system for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Do patients with CKD find the CKDCare system easy to use? 2. Does using the system change patients' dietary intake, including the proportion of ultra-processed foods they consume? The system, called CKDCare, runs inside the LINE messaging app. It uses artificial intelligence to recognize food from photos, a chatbot to answer everyday diet questions, and a back-end dashboard that lets dietitians review each person's dietary records. Participants will: 1. Use the CKDCare system in the LINE app for three months 2. Take photos of their meals and record what they eat 3. Complete a questionnaire about how easy the system is to use Have their routine clinic blood test results and nutritional assessment reviewed as part of their usual care. Some participants will also take part in a short interview about their experience. Dietitians and physicians who care for CKD patients will use the back-end management system and give feedback on it.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
50
Participants will use the CKDCare system, a dietitian-led LINE chatbot integrating dietary self-monitoring, personalized nutrition feedback, and nutrition education for CKD self-management.
China Medical University Hospital
Taichung, Taiwan
System Usability Scale (SUS) score
Usability of the CKDCare system measured by the 10-item System Usability Scale. Total score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better perceived usability.
Time frame: At 3 months (end of the system trial period)
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) will be obtained from routine clinical laboratory records and expressed in mL/min/1.73 m². Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) will be obtained from routine clinical laboratory records and expressed in mg/dL. Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Serum creatinine
Serum creatinine will be obtained from routine clinical laboratory records and expressed in mg/dL. Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Serum albumin
Serum albumin will be obtained from routine clinical laboratory records and expressed in g/dL. Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Serum potassium
Serum potassium will be obtained from routine clinical laboratory records and expressed in mmol/L. Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Serum phosphorus
Serum phosphorus will be obtained from routine clinical laboratory records and expressed in mg/dL. Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Hemoglobin (Hb)
Hemoglobin will be obtained from routine clinical laboratory records and expressed in g/dL. Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Daily energy intake
Daily energy intake will be assessed using dietary records and expressed in kilocalories per day (kcal/day). Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Daily protein intake
Daily protein intake will be assessed using dietary records and expressed in grams per day (g/day). Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Daily sodium intake
Daily sodium intake will be assessed using dietary records and expressed in milligrams per day (mg/day). Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Daily potassium intake
Daily potassium intake will be assessed using dietary records and expressed in milligrams per day (mg/day). Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Daily phosphorus intake
Daily phosphorus intake will be assessed using dietary records and expressed in milligrams per day (mg/day). Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Subjective Global Assessment (SGA)
Nutritional status will be assessed by a dietitian using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), classified as well nourished (A), moderately malnourished (B), or severely malnourished (C). Changes in nutritional status from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
Proportion of ultra-processed food intake
The proportion of ultra-processed food intake will be assessed using the NOVA food classification system. Kidney disease-specific therapeutic nutritional supplements will be excluded from the calculation. Changes from baseline to 3 months will be evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and after the intervention (at 3 months)
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