This study evaluated changes in glycemic outcomes following a structured carbohydrate-counting education program in adults with type 1 diabetes using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Participants received an individualized, three-level carbohydrate-counting education program delivered by a diabetes dietitian over 12 weeks. Glycemic outcomes, including time in range, time above range, time below range, glycemic variability, and HbA1c, were assessed at baseline and after the education program. Changes in insulin requirements, body weight, and dietary intake were also evaluated. In addition, individually determined insulin-to-carbohydrate ratios were compared with estimates calculated using conventional formula-based approaches.
This study evaluated changes in glycemic outcomes following a structured carbohydrate-counting education program in adults with type 1 diabetes using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Participants received an individualized, three-level carbohydrate-counting education program delivered by a diabetes dietitian over 12 weeks. Glycemic outcomes, including time in range, time above range, time below range, glycemic variability, and HbA1c, were assessed before and after the education program. Changes in insulin requirements, body weight, and dietary intake were also evaluated. In addition, individually determined insulin-to-carbohydrate ratios were compared with estimates calculated using conventional formula-based approaches.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
30
Personalized carbohydrate counting training based on the individual's meals, carbohydrate intake, and insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio.
Turkish Diabetes Foundation Küçükyalı Internal Medicine Center
Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)
Glycemic control/CGM metrics
Time in range (TIR) was assessed using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data and defined as the percentage of time that sensor glucose values remained within the target range of 70-180 mg/dL. The change in TIR was evaluated from baseline to the end of the 12-week intervention.
Time frame: 12 week
Glycemic control/CGM metrics
Time frame: 12 weeks
Change in Time in Range (70-180 mg/dL)
Time in range (TIR) was assessed using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data and defined as the percentage of time that sensor glucose values were within the target range of 70-180 mg/dL. Change in TIR was evaluated from baseline to the end of the 12-week intervention.
Time frame: Baseline and 12 weeks
Change in Glycemic Variability
Glycemic variability was assessed using the coefficient of variation (CV) derived from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data. Change in CV was evaluated from baseline to the end of the 12-week intervention.
Time frame: Baseline and 12 weeks
Change in Laboratory-Measured HbA1c
HbA1c was measured using laboratory analysis. Change in HbA1c was evaluated from baseline to the end of the 12-week intervention.
Time frame: Baseline and 12 weeks
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