This study evaluates the effect of driving pressure optimization on right ventricular-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling, assessed by TAPSE/PASP ratio, and its association with acute kidney injury (AKI) progression in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients.
The tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion to pulmonary artery systolic pressure (TAPSE/PASP) ratio is a validated, non-invasive bedside surrogate for RV-PA coupling, shown to correlate closely with invasively measured pressure-volume loop indices of RV-arterial coupling and to carry independent prognostic value in heart failure and pulmonary hypertension populations. More recently, TAPSE-based coupling indices have also demonstrated prognostic relevance in general critically ill populations, supporting their applicability outside the setting of chronic cardiopulmonary disease. Separately, driving pressure (the difference between plateau pressure and PEEP) has emerged as a key determinant of ventilator-induced lung injury and mortality in ARDS, independent of tidal volume or PEEP in isolation, building on earlier evidence that lower tidal volume ventilation strategies improve outcomes in acute lung injury and ARDS. This study will investigate whether a simple standardized lung-protective ventilation strategy aimed at optimizing ventilator driving pressure can improve RV-PA coupling, assessed by TAPSE/PASP ratio, and reduce AKI progression in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
90
A ventilator management strategy in which tidal volume and/or PEEP are titrated to minimize driving pressure (plateau pressure - PEEP) to a pre-specified target, aiming to improve RV-PA coupling and reduce AKI progression.
Assiut University
Asyut, Egypt
TAPSE/PASP ratio (RV-PA coupling)
Baseline transthoracic echocardiography will be performed before initiation of the intervention whenever feasible, recording: TAPSE, PASP (estimated from tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity and estimated right atrial pressure), MAPSE (LV longitudinal function parameter), Inferior vena cava (IVC) collapsibility index. Repeat echocardiography will be performed approximately 48-72 hours after initiation of the intervention, using the same measurements.
Time frame: On admission and 48-72 hours after
Acute kidney injury progression
Serum creatinine and urine output will be recorded at baseline and daily for the first 7 days of mechanical ventilation, or until ICU discharge/death if earlier. AKI will be staged according to KDIGO criteria with primary renal endpoint: AKI progression, defined as an increase in KDIGO stage during the 7-day observation period. New AKI and worsening of established AKI may also be described separately.
Time frame: 1 week
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