Therapeutic Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes

Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social250 enrolled

Overview

A quasi-experimental, non-randomized, prospective, longitudinal study comparing the use of WhatsApp messaging versus the SMART technique in patients with type 2 diabetes to improve treatment adherence

The study included patients with type 2 diabetes who received training on diabetes, lifestyle, and self-management prior to the implementation of reinforcement messages or the use of the SMART technique at a primary care facility in Mexico.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

NON_RANDOMIZED

Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

250

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/Prevention & Control Diabete Type 2 Treatment Adherence

Interventions

Group I (WhatsApp) motivational and educational messages delivered periodicallyOTHER

Positive reinforcement messages were sent once every two days for two weeks, then once a week for three weeks

Group II: To implement the SMART methodOTHER

Group II: To implement the SMART method, the patient was first given an explanation of the concept of a goal or objective, as well as what each of the concepts of the SMART method entails. The participant was then asked to identify a goal that meets the SMART criteria and, above all, is measurable.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 65 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * • Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Patients enrolled in UMF 84. * Men and women between the ages of 35 and 70. * Patients who agree to participate, understand the informed consent form, and sign it. * Patients who have a cell phone and the WhatsApp app. Exclusion Criteria: * • Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. * Patients with dementia, schizophrenia, alcoholism, drug addiction, cancer, Parkinson's disease, hearing and vision impairments, and comprehension and language disorders. * Pregnant patients. * Patients who cannot read or write. Exclusion Criteria * Patients who withdraw their consent. * Patients who fail to attend laboratory tests, questionnaire administration, or regular medical appointments. * Patient death. * Changes in health insurance enrollment. * Loss of health insurance coverage.

Locations (1)

Family Medicine Unit No. 84

Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Therapeutic adherence

According to the Morisky-Green questionnaire: Good \>8 points, Fair 6-7 points, Poor \<6 points

Time frame: Assessments were conducted at the start of the study "Baseline" (November to December 2024) and "6 months" after the intervention (May to June 2025)

Secondary Outcomes

multipharmacy

Patients will be divided into two groups based on the START/STOP criteria: Positive \> 6 medications Negative \< 5 medications A list of the medications taken by the patients will be compiled.

Time frame: Evaluations were conducted at the start of the study "Baseline" (November to December 2024).

Glucose

Glucose: This information will be obtained from laboratory results in the medical record. According to the ADA: 80-130 mg/dl: controlled \>130 mg/dl: uncontrolled

Time frame: Assessments were conducted at the start of the study "Baseline" (November to December 2024) and "6 months" after the intervention (May to June 2025).

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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