The purpose of this research study is to determine the safety of giving ketoconazole, hydrocortisone and dutasteride (KHAD) with lapatinib. Safety is primarily based on dose limiting toxicity (DLT) evaluation at various dose levels (DL). The investigators believe that there is evidence in castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) that two growth factor receptors (EGFR and Her 2/Neu) are increased in prostate cancer (PCa) cells. Both these receptors are turned off by the drug lapatinib. By adding lapatinib, the investigators hope that signaling from the receptors will be turned off and therefore make the participant's cancer more responsive to KHAD treatment.
The current study builds on investigators' KHAD experience by further targeting pathways that may still be enhancing AR activity despite reduced testosterone and DHT. Importantly, studies from several groups have shown that EGFR and Her2/Neu activation can enhance AR signaling and increase AR transcriptional activity in response to low levels of androgens. Evaluation in the clinic and lab has shown that there is increased expression of EGFR or Her2/Neu in CRPC. In addition to upregulation in EGFR and Her2/Neu protein expression, signaling through these receptors may be enhanced in some tumors by increases in growth factor levels or other mechanisms. Based on these results, the investigators suggest that EGFR and Her2/Neu contribute to enhancing AR transcriptional activity especially at low androgen levels. If this hypothesis is correct, then dual blockade of EGFR and Her2/Neu in CRPC should enhance the ability of KHAD to abrogate AR activity. Moreover, as androgens can protect PCa cells from cell death in response to EGFR/Her2/Neu/PI3 kinase pathway inhibition, we propose that KHAD plus lapatinib may be a particularly active combination therapy for CRPC.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
11
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Lapatinib Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) [Phase I]
The MTD of lapatinib in combination with KHAD is determined by the number of participants who experience a dose limiting toxicity (DLT) at the various dose levels of lapatinib under evaluation. See subsequent primary outcome measure for the DLT definition. The MTD is defined as the lapatinib dose at which fewer than one-third of patients experience a DLT. If no DLTs are observed, the MTD is not reached and the Recommended Phase II Dose (RP2D) will be based on safety and pharmacokinetic results.
Time frame: The evaluation for MTD occurred continuously through one cycle of KHLAD treatment (28 days).
Lapatinib Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) [Phase I]
A DLT is defined as an adverse event (AE) occurring during the first cycle of KHLAD treatment that are determined to related to the Lapatinib or the combination as follows: 1. Any Grade 3 or greater non-hematological treatment related (possible, probable, or definite attribution) including diarrhea 2. Grade 4 or greater for hematological toxicities, regardless of attribution. 3. Grade 3 skin reactions, pulmonary reactions, regardless of attribution.
Time frame: The evaluation for DLT occurred continuously through one cycle of treatment (28 days).
Plasma Lapatinib Levels [Phase I]
Plasma lapatinib levels were measured after day 28 of KHLAD treatment. Participants were instructed to fast prior to samples being taken.
Time frame: After first 28 days of KHLAD treatment
Grade 3-4 Treatment-Related Adverse Events Rate
All grade 3-4 adverse events (AE) with treatment attribution of possibly, probably or definite based on CTCAEv4 as reported on case report forms were counted to calculate the proportion of participants experiencing at least one treatment-related grade 3 or 4 AE of any type on treatment.
Time frame: Assessed each cycle throughout treatment. Treatment duration in months was a median (range) of 5.4 months (range 1 day-8.3 months). Thus, AEs were evaluated up to 8.3 months.
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