S0833, Bortezomib, Thalidomide, Lenalidomide, Combination Chemotherapy, and Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Overview

RATIONALE: Bortezomib may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Biological therapies, such as thalidomide and lenalidomide, may stimulate the immune system in different ways and stop cancer cells from growing. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as dexamethasone, cisplatin, doxorubicin hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and melphalan, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Combining chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplant may allow the doctor to give higher doses of chemotherapy drugs and kill more cancer cells. Giving bortezomib, thalidomide, and combination chemotherapy before and after transplant and lenalidomide after transplant may be an effective treatment for multiple myeloma. PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well giving bortezomib, thalidomide, and lenalidomide together with combination chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant works in treating patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

OBJECTIVES: Primary * To assess progression-free survival (PFS) at 3 years in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) treated with modified Total Therapy 3 (TT3). Secondary * To estimate the frequency and severity of toxicities associated with this treatment strategy in these patients. Correlative * To perform gene expression profiling on CD138+ purified MM cells and unseparated bone marrow biopsy samples to identify the bone marrow micro-environment signature. * To determine whether the 70-gene model, developed in the Arkansas Total Therapy 2 (TT2) and validated in the Arkansas TT3 study, also applies to the cooperative group setting. * Determine whether the novel finding in TT3 of the prognostically favorable suppression of a micro-environment-associated gene, MAG1, also applies to the cooperative group setting. * Once in complete remission, determine whether the MAG signatures can return to a normal individual's signature as an indication of profound tumor cytoreduction with durable PFS. OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study. * Induction therapy: Patients receive bortezomib IV on days 1, 4, 8, and 11; oral thalidomide and oral dexamethasone on days 1-4; and cisplatin IV continuously, doxorubicin hydrochloride IV continuously, cyclophosphamide IV continuously, and etoposide IV continuously on days 1-4. * Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection: Beginning within 2 months after completion of induction therapy, patients undergo PBSC collection until an adequate number of cells are collected. Patients with persistent disease after completion of induction therapy proceed to bridging therapy after adequate stem cells are collected. Patients not requiring bridging therapy proceed directly to transplant. * Bridging therapy: Patients receive oral thalidomide on days 1-21 and oral dexamethasone on days 1, 8, and 15. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 1-2 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then proceed to transplant. * First autologous PBSC transplantation: Beginning within 6 weeks to 3 months after completion of induction therapy (or ≥ 1 week after completion of bridging therapy), patients receive bortezomib IV on days -4 and -1 and melphalan IV, oral thalidomide, and oral dexamethasone on days -4 to -1. Patients undergo autologous PBSC transplantation on day 0. * Inter-transplant bridging therapy: Patients with persistent disease after completion of the first autologous PBSC transplant receive bridging therapy as above and then proceed to the second transplant. Patients not requiring bridging therapy proceed directly to the second transplant. * Second autologous PBSC transplantation: Beginning within 6 months after the first PBSC transplant, patients receive bortezomib, melphalan, thalidomide, and dexamethasone and undergo autologous PBSC as in the first transplant. Patients who skip the second transplant (due to medical or insurance reasons or refusal) proceed to consolidation therapy. * Consolidation therapy: Beginning within 6 months after the last transplant, patients receive bortezomib, thalidomide, dexamethasone, cisplatin, doxorubicin hydrochloride, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide as in induction therapy. * Post-consolidation bridging therapy: Patients with persistent disease after completion of consolidation therapy receive oral thalidomide on days 1-21 and oral dexamethasone on days 1, 8, and 15. Patients then proceed to maintenance therapy. Patients not requiring bridging therapy proceed directly to maintenance therapy. * Maintenance therapy: Beginning within 4 months after completion of consolidation therapy or post-consolidation bridging therapy, patients receive bortezomib IV and oral dexamethasone on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 and oral lenalidomide on days 1-20. Courses repeat every 28 days for up to 3 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Blood and bone marrow samples may be collected at baseline and periodically during study for gene expression profile analysis. After completion of study therapy, patients are followed up periodically for up to 7 years.