EGFR

epidermal growth factor receptor

About This Gene

Receptor tyrosine kinase binding ligands of the EGF family and activating several signaling cascades to convert extracellular cues into appropriate cellular responses (PubMed:10805725, PubMed:27153536, PubMed:2790960, PubMed:35538033). Known ligands include EGF, TGFA/TGF- alpha, AREG, epigen/EPGN, BTC/betacellulin, epiregulin/EREG and HBEGF/heparin-binding EGF (PubMed:12297049, PubMed:15611079, PubMed:17909029, PubMed:20837704, PubMed:27153536, PubMed:2790960, PubMed:7679104, PubMed:8144591, PubMed:9419975). Ligand binding triggers receptor homo- and/or heterodimerization and autophosphorylation on key cytoplasmic residues. The phosphorylated receptor recruits adapter proteins like GRB2 which in turn activates complex downstream signaling cascades. Activates at least 4 major downstream signaling cascades including the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, PI3 kinase-AKT, PLCgamma-PKC and STATs modules (PubMed:27153536). May also activate the NF-kappa-B signaling cascade (PubMed:11116146). Also directly phosphorylates other proteins like RGS16, activating its GTPase activity and probably coupling the EGF receptor signaling to the G protein-coupled receptor signaling (PubMed:11602604). Also phosphorylates MUC1 and increases its interaction with SRC and CTNNB1/beta-catenin (PubMed:11483589). Positively regulates cell migration via interaction with CCDC88A/GIV which retains EGFR at the cell membrane following ligand stimulation, promoting EGFR signaling which triggers cell migration (PubMed:20462955). Plays a role in enhancing learning and memory performance (By similarity). Plays a role in mammalian pain signaling (long-lasting hypersensitivity) (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q01279, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10805725, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11116146, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11483589, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11602604, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12297049, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12297050, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12620237, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12873986, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15374980, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15590694, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15611079, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17115032, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17909029, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19560417, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20462955, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20837704, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21258366, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27153536, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2790960, ECO:0000269|PubMed:35538033, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7679104, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8144591, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9419975}.

Chromosome

Biotype

protein_coding

Diseases

Variants

Also Known As

Epidermal growth factor receptorEGFRERBBERBB1HER1ERRPProto-oncogene c-ErbB-1Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-1erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-b) oncogene homolog (avian)erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 1NISBD2NNCISPIG61mENAepidermal growth factor receptoravian erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-b) oncogene homologcell growth inhibiting protein 40cell proliferation-inducing protein 61epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase domainproto-oncogene c-ErbB-1receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-1

Associated Diseases

25 disease associations found

Disease	Score	Therapeutic Areas
non-small cell lung carcinoma	0.85	respiratory or thoracic diseasecancer or benign tumor
lung adenocarcinoma	0.77	cancer or benign tumorrespiratory or thoracic disease
cancer	0.74	cancer or benign tumor
head and neck squamous cell carcinoma	0.73	cancer or benign tumor
lung cancer	0.72	respiratory or thoracic diseasecancer or benign tumor
breast cancer	0.68	reproductive system or breast diseasecancer or benign tumor
colorectal adenocarcinoma	0.68	gastrointestinal diseasecancer or benign tumor
glioblastoma	0.65	nervous system disordercancer or benign tumor
neoplasm	0.65	cancer or benign tumor
inflammatory skin and bowel disease, neonatal, 2	0.64	immune system disorderintegumentary system disordergenetic, familial or congenital diseasemusculoskeletal or connective tissue diseasegastrointestinal disease
head and neck cancer	0.62	cancer or benign tumor
colorectal cancer	0.62	gastrointestinal diseasecancer or benign tumor
medullary thyroid gland carcinoma	0.60	endocrine system disordercancer or benign tumor
urinary bladder carcinoma	0.59	urinary system disordercancer or benign tumor
breast carcinoma	0.58	reproductive system or breast diseasecancer or benign tumor

Known Drug Targets

25 drugs targeting this gene

AFATINIBApproved

Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase erbB-4 inhibitor

non-small cell lung carcinomaneoplasmbreast cancersquamous cell carcinomalung adenocarcinomahead and neck squamous cell carcinoma+41 more

CETUXIMAB SAROTALOCANApproved

Epidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 binding agent

head and neck cancerhead and neck squamous cell carcinomacutaneous squamous cell carcinomanon-small cell lung carcinomaneoplasm

BRIGATINIBApproved

ALK tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor

non-small cell lung carcinomaanaplastic large cell lymphomaneoplasmmature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomameningiomaependymoma+5 more

LAZERTINIBApproved